Pentadecanal

In the paraffin series, methane, CH, to / -butane, C H q, are gases at ambient conditions. Propane, C Hg, and butanes are sometimes considered in a special category because they can be fiquefied at reasonable pressures. These compounds are commonly referred to as fiquefied petroleum gases (qv) (LPG). The pentanes, to pentadecane [629-62-9], fiquids, commonly called distillates, which include gasoline [8006-61-9], kerosene... 

The exhaustive methylation of sparteine was reinvestigated by Karrer,. Shibata, Wettstein and Jacubowitz. At each stage they reduced the unsaturated product formed and so ended up with a pentadecane, C15H32 (b.p. 242°/729 mm., D] 0-7740, 1-43351). The object of this work... 

The three hydrocarbons were synthesised, but their physical constants proved to be so similar and so like those of the pentadecane obtained from sparteine that no definite information as to the constitution of the alkaloid could be obtained from them. 

FIG. 20 CT-lg c Isotherms of homologous sodium alkane 1-sulfonates in water at 45 °C. , Decane 1-sulfonate , dodecane 1-sulfonate , tridecane 1-sulfonate a, tetradecane 1-sulfonate x, pentadecane 1-sulfonate. 

FIG. 23 CT-lg c Isotherms for sodium alkanesulfonates with the functional group in different positions, x, Dodecane 1-sulfonate (45°C) , dodecane 5-sulfonate (25°C) , pentadecane 1-sulfonate (45°C) , pentadecane 8-sulfonate (45°C). 

The poor solubility of higher sodium alkanesulfonates cited above is reflected in the surface tension vs. concentration plots of sodium pentadecane 4-sulfonate (Fig. 26). Because below the critical micelle concentration the solubility limit is reached, a break in the a-c plot occurs. The problem of solubility properties of alkanesulfonates below the point at which the hydrated crystals or solid... 

FIG. 26 ct-c Isotherms at 22°C for secondary alkanesulfonates purified by chemical interfacial procedures, x, Sodium pentadecane 4-sulfonate O, sodium pentadecane 8-sulfonate). The curve is fitted by the Frumkin isotherm with = 3.95 x 10, ° mol/cm2 and aF = 5.20 x 10 5 mol/dm3... 

FIG. 32 Textures of Sodium Pentadecane 1-Sulfonate, (a), Crystalline phase at 80°C (b), smectic B phase at 113°C (c), smectic A phase at 250°C. Sample window 1.4 mm2, crossed Nicols. 

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