Patent mining

Mining. Numerous patents have advocated the use of alkanolamines in mining appHcations. Triethanolarnine has been used as a depressent in the flotation of copper (164), in the electrotwinning of gold (165), and as an aid in the froth flotation of nickel ores. Phosphate ore flotation has been improved through the use of a fatty acid condensate with ethanolamine (166). Beneficiation of tin ore has been accompHshed using fatty acid alkanolamides (167). 

Hot (230-240°F) potassium carbonate treating was patented in Germany in 1904 and perfected into modem commercial requirements by the U.S. Bureau of Mines. The U.S. Bureau of Mines was working on Fischer-Tropsch synthesis gas at the time. Potassium carbonate treating requires high partial pressures of CO2. It therefore cannot successfully treat gas containing only H2S. ... 

Sehumacher, G., U.S. Patent 4,511,626 (1985) assignee Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing. 

The steam-power systems in Trevithick s youth were massive hut lightly loaded low-pressure engines. This technology was controlled by Boulton Watt, whose business acumen had extended patents far beyond their normal expiration dates. The royalties typically took one-third of the savings in fuel over the Newcomen atmospheric engine. Another necessary evil was the expense of fuel, as coal was not locally mined. Cornish engineers worked incessantly to design and invent their way past these limitations. 

Mikhailovskii Mining Explosive. Russ expl mixt patented at the end of the 19th century contg K chlorate 50, sawdust (or pulverized spent tan bark, or bran) 45, and Mn dioxide 5%. ... 

Nightingale and Pearson Powder. Mining expl patented in Engl in 1897. It contained K perchlorate 55-60, Na carbonate 25-29, sugar 6—10 and paraffin 5—20%. Potatoes or woodmeal could replace the sugar Refs 1) Daniel (1902), 452 2) PSrcz Ara... 

Patent Blasting Powder. Early safety mining expl, consisting of BlkPdr to which ordinary salt was added to lower the deflagration temp Ref Daniel (1902), 601... 

Phenixsprengstoffe. Mining expls patented in 1899 by the Sprengstoffwerke Dr Nahnsen ... 

Preisenhammer Explosives. Mining expls, patent ed in 1864, consisting of mixts of hydrogen and oxygen... 

Pyrodialites or Pyrodialytes. A series of expl mixts, patented in Fr by Turpin, beginning in 1881, and contg as principal combustible ingredients, tar (goudron), rosin, etc and as oxidizers, K chlorate alone or in mixt with K or Na nitrates. The following examples are taken from Daniel (Ref 2) Extra forte No 0 K chlorate 88, tar 10, charcoal 5, Na or Amm bicarbonate 2—3ps Lente No 2 K chlorate 40, Na nitrate 48, tar 20, charcoal 5, Na or Amm bicarbonate 4—5ps. These expls were too hot , and were not approved for use in gaseous coal mines... 

Pyronome of DeTret. An inexpensive mining expl patented in Engl in 1859 contg Na nitrate 71.5, sulfur 13.5, and charcoal 15% (Refs 1 2). A subsequent Pyronome of Salle Sandoy was patented in Fr in 1881 and contd K nitrate 69 sulfur, charcoal, metallic Sb K chlorate 15% the balance being rye flour contg a small quantity of K dichromate (Ref 1)... 

Liu CF, Evans RL (1965) US Patent, 3,169,933, assigned to Minnesota Mining and Manu-factering Co... 

Some data have been published on the mechanical properties of these cements (Antonucci, McKinney Stansbury, 1988 Mathis Ferracane, 1989 Mitra, 1989 Minnesota Mining Manufacturing Company, 1989 Albers, 1990), but much of it comes from patents and company reports so it would be unwise to draw firm conclusions from these figures alone. 

B. Langlois. Fluid comprising cellulose nanofibrils and its use for oil mining. Patent WO 9802499, 1998. 

B. Langlois, G. Guerin, A. Senechal, R. Cantiani, I. Vincent, and J. Benchimol. Fluid comprising cellulose nanofibrils and its use for oil mining (fluide comprenant des nanofibrilles de cellulose et son application pour I exploitation de gisements petroliers). Patent EP 912653, 1999. 

Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company, European Patent 533,088 AI (1992). 

Lava Lite Lamp. [US Patent 3,570,156, March 16, 1971], Your Mining Co. Guide to Inventors http //inventors.miningco.com/library/weekly/aa092297.htm... 

The second patent describes the use of a microbial mixed culture (Hansenula sydowiorum, Hansenula ciferrii, Hansenula lynferdii, and/or Cryptococcus albidus) in coal desulfurization [160], In this process, the raw mined coal is ground to a particle size smaller than 200 mesh forming a slurry with water, at a solids concentration of less than 40wt%. The bacterial cultures are then inoculated into the feedstock slurry. An incubation step is carried out at a temperature near 25°C and at a pH close to neutral. The highest removal achieved was in the range of 46% S removal. 

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