Participatory research

Step 2 Identify the key problem in agriculture or any other topic to which the extension method is focusing. The Participatory Research Action method may be helpful to find the key problem. 

Bellon, M.R. 2001. Participatory, Research Methods for Technology Evaluation A Manual for... 

Krell, R. and Zanoli, R. 2000. (eds) Research Methodologies in Organic farming On-Farm Participatory Research. REU Technical Series 63. FAO, Rome. 

Doll, J.D. and C.A. Francis (1992). Participatory research and extension strategies for sustainable agricultural systems. Weed Technol., 6 473 182. 

Extractive Reserves and Participatory Research as Factors in the Biogeochemistry of the Amazon Basin... 

The word Amazonia conjures up diverse images, ranging from an exotic jungle to resources for development to a vast web of ecosystems that interact with global element cycles-the focus of this book. This chapter examines the biogeochemical role of extractive reserves, a relatively new land use type within Amazonia in which nontimber forest extraction is the defining human activity. The chapter also provides examples of how participatory research with local communities can enhance the quality of the results and improve their transmission to society. 

Table 8.4 Working guidelines for participatory research in extractive reserves.

The creation of extractive reserves alone will not resolve the issues of ecosystem impoverishment and alteration of biogeo-chemical cycles in Amazonia (Nepstad et al. 1992). These complex issues need to be addressed at several scales simultaneously (Carvalho and Brown 1996). Nevertheless, the explicit managerial position of extractivists as stewards of the reserves, and therefore the forests they inhabit, suggests that a more collegiate relationship between researcher and local resident is warranted. Extractive reserves therefore provide rich opportunities for participatory research in which scientists and local communities may act together for improved conservation and development. 

There is an opportunity to incorporate such participatory research in the program for... 

FAO (2000), Research methodologies in organic farming on-farm participatory research , REU Technical Series No. 63, Rome, Italy www.fao.org/regional/europe/PUB/RTS63.pdf. 

Action research may be found under other names, like participatory research, collaborative inquiry, emancipatory research, action learning, and contextual action research. 

Cameron, Jenny. 2007. Linking Participatory Research to Action Institutional Challenges In Sara Kindon, Rachel Pain, and Mike Kesby, eds. Participatory Action Research Approaches and Methods Connecting people, participation and place. Pp. 206-215. London Routledge. 

However, a community that uses its natural intelligence and resourcefulness can begin to make sense of the problems and evaluate the risks to its people and the surrounding environment. A community can solicit support and help from experts in the field community participatory research is becoming an accepted approach to scientific investigation. 

Program Design and Participatory Research in the Real World... 

While participatory research is a promising model for community-based research, developing and implementing such a partnership can be challenging (Macaulay et al., 1999). For others seeking to develop similar partnerships, the MHIP may offer one example of how these challenges may be addressed. 

Kemmis, S., McTaggart, R., Nixon, R. (2013). The action research planner Doing critical participatory research. Dordrecht Springer. 

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