Participative goal-setting

The goal-setting sessions followed the SMART principles of participative goal-setting. These are as follows ... 

Use the baseline measure to set a target for quality improvement these should be participative goal-setting sessions rather than a goal which is assigned by the observer... 

Do employees participate in goal setting Do they know what the goals are Are employees involved in carrying out stated objectives ... 

Self-directed study habits—attendance, participation, critical thinking, troubleshooting, goal setting, time management, motivation, reading and study, homework, self-directed work ethic... 

This category includes support for safety, perception of the safety culture, goal setting, establishing objectives based on operational procedures, and the employee perception of trust. Number of times leadership participated in preshift safety meetings. 

So these employees "fall through the cracks" again, to be faced with a Level 3 intervention. This might be an incentive/reward program or a goal-setting and feedback process. Of course, these motivational techniques require more time and effort from both intervention agents and participants. 

A collaboration is a set of related actions between typed objects playing certain roles with respect to others in the collaboration, within a common model of attributes. The actions are grouped into a collaboration so as to indicate that they serve a common purpose. Typically, the actions are used in different combinations to achieve different goals or to maintain an invariant between the participants. Each role is a place for an object and is named relative to the other roles in the overall collaboration. 

It is noteworthy that the elements of CMM theory overlap with some of the social situation categories reported earlier in the chapter. In particular, there is a commonality in the area of rules and sequences of behaviour and a link between the cognitive structures or social knowledge and cultural patterns. The link should not be surprising, since the CMM elements are in effect a more focused treatment of social situations where it is already established that the goals of the participants are to interact successfully and the environmental setting component that appears in the social situations framework is not specifically considered. 

Once the desired end-point is determined and the current situation is assessed, a gap analysis is completed and objectives are set to close the gaps. An important step in the process is the prioritization of objectives, based on balancing available resources with risks. The development of the plan is ideally a participative one, involving the maximum number of people. After the plan is developed, personal and team performance objectives need to be aligned with the goals of the plan. Finally, it is necessary to integrate the quality plan with the overall business plan. 

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