Perforations, structured packings

Corporation (Golden, CO). The reactor, 1.22m wide by 2.44 m, consisted of a fiberglass-reinforced plastic I-beam frame. A transparent fluoropolymer film, treated to accept adhesives, formed the front and back windows of the reactor. The film windows were attached to the reactor frame with foam tape coated on both sides with an acrylic adhesive. The catalyst, titanium dioxide (Degussa P25), was coated onto a structured, perforated polypropylene tubular packing commonly used in oil-water separators. The Ti02 was suspended in water as a slurry and sprayed onto the tubular supports with a new paint sprayer until the supports were opaque. Fluid modeling of airflow flnough the reactor showed that a 5.1 cm PVC manifold, located at the inlet and outlet of flie reactor, would provide an even flow distribution. Small (0.6 cm) holes, drilled into flie manifold at one inch intervals, provided the even flow distribution required for efficient contact of the contaminated air with the catalyst. 

FIG. 14-74 HETP values for Max-Pak structured packing,. 35 kPa (5 psia), two column diameters. Cyclohexane/n-heptane system, total reflux. For 0.4.3 m (1.4 ft) column perforated pipe distributor, 400 streams/m2, 3.05 m (10 ft) bed height. For 1.2 m (4.0 ft) column tubed drip pan distributor, 100 streams/m ,. 3.7 m (12 ft) bed height. Smaller column data. University of Texas/Austin Larger column data. Fractionation Research, Inc. To convert (ft/s)(lb/ft ) to (m/s)(kg/m ) , multiply by 1.2199. (Couiiesy Jaeger Troducts, Inc., Housion, Texas.)... 

Hardware cost for structured packings including distributors (for packings in the range of 100-250 of surface and using high perfor-... 

For nearly symmetric compositions the unlike blocks form domains composed of alternating layers, known as lamellar phase (L). Slightly off-symmetry composition results in the formation of a different layered structure. The structure is known as perforated layers (PI) or catenoid phase. Despite an earlier assignment as an equilibrium phase, it is now known to be in a long-lived metastable state that facilitates the transition from I to G phases [9-14], The PL structure consists of alternating minority and majority component layers in which hexagonally packed channels of the majority component extend through the minority component. 

Figure 8.to Surfaces used in commercial corrugated structured packings, (a) Smooth, perforated (b) grooved, perforated (c) lanced, perforated. parts a to c, from G. K. Chen and K. T. Chuang, Hydrocarbon, Trvo February, 1989, p. 97, reproduced courtesy of Hydrocarbon Processing.)... 

Figure a.10 (Continued) Surfaces used in commercial corrugated structured packing. id) Shallow embossed, unperforated (e) deep embossed perforated (Part d, courtesy of Nutter Engineering part e, courtesy of Norton Company.)... 

Malax high-performance structured packing (Fig. 8.11 ). Relatively flat crimps, somewhat rounded crimp apexes, and deeply embossed surfaces with tiny perforations distinguish lntalox high-performance structured packing. It is available in three sizes in metals from the Norton Company. 

The uniformity of liquid spread in structured packings strongly depends on (67,146) texture of surface, presence and size of perforations, connection of packing elements in packing layers, and presence of wall wipers. 

PPO repeating units self-assemble into a supramolecular honeycomb-like layered structure, in which perforations are filled by coil segments. When cast from dilute CHCR solution onto a carbon support film, honeycomb-like supramolecular structure was observed, as revealed by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), in which coil perforations are packed on a hexagonal symmetry with distances between perforations of approximately 10 nm (Figure 14a). 

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