P-Eudesmol

In addition to ( )-valerane, a wide variety of other sesquiterpenes, including ( )-ishwarane, ( )-ish-warone, ° copaene, ylangene, ( )-seychellene ( )-sativene, ( )-longifoline, " ( )-copa-camphene," ( )-damsin," ( )-A < >-capnellene, ( )-pentalenene, (-)-P-vetivone" and ( )-P-eudesmol have been synthesized by pathways involving cycloalkylation of saturated ketone enolates. 

This class of compounds may be found in essential oils extracted with both polar solvents and non-polar solvents. The structure of a sesquiterpene alcohol, newly isolated from the oil extracted from the wood of Amyris balsamifera (Rutaceae), has been reported [76]. These investigators either identified by GC-MS or isolated a total of 23 sesquiterpenoids, including valerianol (23) (21.5% of oil), 1-epi-a-eudesmol (24) (10.7%), 10-e/ i -y-eudesmol (25) (9.7%), elemol (26) (9.1%), P-eudesmol (27) (7.9%), y-eudesmol (28) (6.6%), a-eudesmol (29) (4.8%) and P-sesquiphellandrene (30) (4.7%) as the major constituents. 7-... 

Nine eudesmane derived sesquiterpenes were isolated from Aristolochia species. Among them, a- and P- eudesmols (325), (326), a-, P- and 8- selmenes (319), (322), (321) and selina-3,7(ll)-diene (320) were found in the essential oils of various Aristolochia members. Govindachari et al. [334] isolated aristolochene (324), a sesquiterpene... 

Given the relatively rare occurrence of eremophilanes in Eremophila species, it is perhaps of little surprise that compounds displaying the putative precursor skeleton, eudesmane, have also been rarely observed. P-Eudesmol (71) has been isolated or detected in a number of species, sometimes co-occurring with elemol (72) (14,15,67). 

Atractylodes lancea rhizome and aconite root are paeoniflorin, glycyrrhizin, P-eudesmol, and aconitine, respectively. Each compound plays a complementary role, having different mechanisms of action. Their mechanisms in combined (blend) effects of paired or triplet combinations of these compounds have been investigated, and the rationality of the traditional combined medicines has been elucidated. The neuromuscular blocking actions have been compared by using skeletal muscle in vitro and in situ, and in normal and diseased states. 

In an early study with Teucrium polium [76] a sesquiterpene P-eudesmol (141) was isolated together with a group of amino acids. 

The GC/MS analysis of the volatile oil of T. polium [79] showed that sesquiterpenoids comprise the major part of the oil (78.6 %), certain sesquiterpene alcohols such as P-eudesmol and a-cadinol.Two new sesquiterpene diols 7-ej7/-eudesm-4(15)-ene-ip, 6a-diol (146) and 7-epi-eudesm-4(15)-ene-ip, 6P-diol (147) were isolated and their structures were elucidated by H and NMR spectral analyses. 

Three agaroflirans (85-87) and P-eudesmol (88) were isolated from the petroleum ether-soluble fraction of the methanolic extract of the fresh rhizomes of A. japonica [63]. It is biogenetically interesting that P-eudesmol was present in the same plant with agaroflirans which possess a 10-epieudesmol skeleton. From the rhizomes of A. japonica, three eudesmane-type sesquiterpenes, 10-ep/-5P-hydroperoxy-p-eudesmol (89), 10-e /-5a-hydroperoxy-P-eudesmol (90) and 4,10-e/ /-5P-hydroxydihydroeudesmol (91) were isolated and their structure were determined by spectroscopic methods and chemical conversions [64]. Compounds 89-91 are considered to be biosynthesized from lO-ep/ -y-eudesmol (92), which was a possible precursor of agarofuran-type... 

Well-known eudesmane derivatives in flavors and fragrances include a- and p-selinene from the oils of Cannabis saliva var. indica (Moraceae), celery (Apium graeveolens, Umbelliferae) and hops (Humulus lupulus, Moraceae), (+)-a- and (+)-P-eudesmol from some oils of eucalyptus (Eucalyplus macarlhuri), (-)-epi-y-eudesmol with its woody odor from the north African oil of geranium (Pelargonium odoralissimum and allied species), and the almost odorless diastereomeric (+)-y-eudesmol from various ethereal oils (+)-p-Costus acid and (+)-p-costol belong to the constituents of the essential oil obtained from the roots of Saussurea... 

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