Ozonization of organic compounds

Harries Method of Ozonization of Organic Compounds. See under Ozonization of Organic Compounds... 

Leitis JD. Zeff, UV-Ozonization of Organic Compounds in Water , paper presented at ACS mtg, Ind Engrg Chem Section, Honolulu (April 1-6, 1979). 42) F.C. Farrell, JD. Zeff, T.C. Crase D.T, Boylan, Development Effort to Design Pink Water Abatement Processes (no further info)... 

Ozonization reactions heretofore known to yield abnormal products and therefore classed as abnormal have been found to proceed normally when carried out at low temperatures in hydroxylic solvents such as methanol. The method described will be of considerable value in the elucidation of structures of organic compounds. A mechanism has been proposed to account for the formation of normal products in the ozonization of organic compounds containing allylic groups. 

Toward the end of the water treatement process to minimize THM formation and provide secondary disinfection Prior to the rapid mixing step in all treatment processes, except GAC and conventional treatment processes prior to fdtration for GAC post-sedimentation for conventional treatment. In addition, sufficient time for biodegradation of the oxidation products of the ozonation of organic compounds is recommended prior to secondary disinfection. Toward the end of the water treatment process to minimize presence of other contaminants that interfere with this disinfectant. 

Y Yamamoto, E Niki, H Shiokawa, Y Kamiya. Ozonation of organic compounds. 2. Ozonation of phenol in water. J Org Chem 44 2137-2142, 1979. 

H. Ozonization of organic compounds. The ozonization of each unsaturated organic compound is more or less an individual problem, but some general comments may be made. Organic ozonides are highly explosive, and hence it is safest to carry out the ozonization in a solvent which dissolves both the original compound and the ozonide. In all cases, a shatterproof screen of laminated safety glass should be placed between the operator and the tubes H, I, and J. A second screen should be placed back of the tubes to protect other pieces of the apparatus. 

The rate of aqueous ozonation reactions is affected by various factors such as the pH, temperature, and concentration of ozone, substrate, and radical scavengers. Kinetic measurements have been carried out in dilute aqueous solution on a large number of organic compounds from different classes (56,57). Some of the chemistry discussed in the foUowing sections occurs more readily at high ozone and high substrate concentrations. 

EKMA was developed for relating concentrations of photochemically formed ozone to levels of organic compounds tmd oxides of nitrogen. 

Atkinson R, Carter WPL. 1984. Kinetics and mechanisms of the gas-phase reactions of ozone with organic compounds under atmospheric conditions. Chem Rev 84 437-470. 

Considerable attention has been given to the persistence and fate of organic compounds in the troposphere, and this has been increasingly motivated by their possible role in the production of ozone by reactions involving NO. ... 

Ozonolysis of organic compounds in water also has biological and environmental93 interest. Ozone preferentially attacks the base moiety of pyrimidine nucleotides in water.94 For example, the reaction of ozone with uracil in water, having no substitutent at 1-position, gave the ozonolysis products in Scheme 3.6.95 The reactions of DNA and RNA with O3 in an aqueous environment are linked to the damage of... 

Listed in the Table 6.1 are some of the more common sources of oxygen employed for oxidations of organic compounds. Dioxygen is not listed because it requires a catalyst for oxidation at low temperatures. Likewise, hydrogen peroxide and ozone exhibit different activities when used with the proper heterogeneous catalyst. 

CATAZONE [catalyzed ozone] A process for removing traces of organic compounds from groundwater by catalyzed oxidation with ozone. The catalyst is titanium dioxide, and hydrogen peroxide may be added as well. 

GEODE [General Electric organic destruction] A development of the Ultrox process in which a combination of ozone and ultraviolet radiation is used to oxidize traces of organic compounds in water. Developed by the General Electric Company and demonstrated at the Commonwealth Edison nuclear power plant at Dresden, IL, in 1989. The requirement was to reduce the concentration of total organic carbon in the process and makeup waters to the low parts-per-billion range. 

BaUey, P. S. The reactions of ozone with organic compounds. Chem. Rev. 58 925-1010, 1958. 

Kuo, P.P.K., Chian, E.S.K., and Chang, B.J. Identification of end products resulting from ozonation and chlorination of organic compounds commonly found in water. Environ. Scl Technol, 11(13) 1177-1181, 1977. 

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