Nitrogen ozone

Matsumara, Y. (1970). The effects of ozone, nitrogen dioxide and sulphur dioxide on the experimentally induced allergic... 

See Dienes, above, also 2-Methyl-l,3-butadiene Ozone Nitrogen... 

Matsumura, Y., et al., The effects of ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide on experimentally induced allergic respiratory disorder in guinea pigs. IV. Effects on respiratory sensitivity to inhaled acetylcholine, Am. Rev. Respir. Dis. 105, 2, 262, 1972. 

Photochemical air pollution consists of a complex mixture of gaseous pollutants and aerosols, some of which are photochemically produced. Among the gaseous compounds are the oxidizing species ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and peroxyacyl nitrate ... 

The Clean Air Act recognizes a number of so-called primary air pollutants, and the EPA has established standards for these substances. Ozone, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur dioxide are among these (the others are carbon monoxide and lead, discussed below, and total suspended particulates ). The EPA s standard for ozone is 0.08 parts of the gas per million parts of air (0.08 ppm), averaged over eight hours. Standards also exist for the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen. These are designed to prevent chronic respiratory toxicity of any kind. 

FIGURE 4-7 Ozone, nitrogen dioxide, NO, and nonmethane hydrocarbon concentrations in pollution episode at Tunney s Pasture, Ontario. Redrawn from Quickert et al. ... 

In one study,human subjects were tested in a controlled-environ-ment chamber with a high (summer) temperature and with ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide as pollutants. Performance on a divided-attention task given at the end of the exposure period and the subjects heartrate variability (a potential psychophysiologic measure of attention) were evaluated. The subjects displayed a significant decrement in peripheral attention associated with increased ambient temperature. Effects attributable to pollutant gases were variable. 

Adult male volunteers were exposed to purified air,2 -2 - to ozone alone, or to ozone in combination with nitrogen dioxide and carbon monoxide. No additional effects were detected when nitrogen dioxide at 0.3 ppm was added to ozone. The addition of carbon monoxide at 30 ppm to the ozone-nitrogen dioxide mixture produced no additional effects, other than a slight increase in blood carboxyhemoglobin content and small decreases in psychomotor performance, which were not consistent in different subject groups. 

The chemical composition of the photochemical-oxidant complex is discussed in Qiapter 2. The major phytotoxic components are ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and the peroxyaiylidtrates. The latter homologous... 

Thus, despite the remarkable progress in monitoring for ozone, nitrogen oxides, and nonmethane hydrocarbons, which has strengthened the implementation and evaluation of control programs, substantial research and development are still required to help resolve the uncertainties in our knowledge that are inhibiting the actual achievement of desired air quality standards. 

Grosjean et al. (1996) investigated the atmospheric chemistry of cyclohexene with ozone and an ozone-nitrogen oxide mixture under ambient conditions. The reaction of cyclohexene and ozone in the dark yielded pentanal and cyclohexanone. The sunlight irradiation of cyclohexene with ozone-nitrogen oxide yielded the following carbonyls formaldehyde, acetaldehyde, acetone, propanal, butanal, pentanal, and a C4 carbonyl. 

WHO global air quality guidelines are available for the following air pollutants particulate matter, ozone, nitrogen dioxide, and sulfur dioxide. The latest revision, which was published in 2005, substantially lowered the recommended limits of particulate matter, ozone, and sulfur dioxide. The publication is available via the WHO Regional Office for Europe s Web site (WHO 2007b). 

Grosjean D. 1985. Reactions of o-cresol and nitrocresol with NOX insunlight and with ozone-nitrogen dioxide mixtures in the dark. Environ SciTechnol 19(10) 968-974. 

Fan, Z., R. M. Kamens, J. Zhang, and J. Hu, Ozone-Nitrogen Dioxide-NPAH Heterogeneous Soot Particle Reactions and Modeling NPAH in the Atmosphere, Environ. Sci. Technol., 30, 2821-2827 (1996a). 

There are three principal categories of oxidizing agents that occur as air pollutants. These are ozone, nitrogen oxides and nitric add. and organic peroxide. Many materials that are relatively resistant to attack by the free oxygen of the air are far less resistant to attack by such oxidants and peroxides. These dissolve in the surface film and thus convert metals to their oxides which react readily even with such relatively weak acids as carbonic acid and sulfurous acid. For instance, copper tarnishes rapidly forming the oxide, which dissolves readily in dilute acids. 

See Ozone Nitrogen oxide Pentac arbony liron... 

Environmental tobacco smoke, ozone, nitrogen dioxide... 

Effect of peroxy radical reactions on the predicted concentrations of ozone, nitrogenous compounds, and radicals. foumal of Geophysical Research-Atmospheres, 101 (D15), 21007-22. 

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