Oxygen utilization degree

Cerebral metabolism and oxygen utilization are decreased after thiopental administration in proportion to the degree of cerebral depression. Cerebral blood flow is also decreased, but much less so than oxygen consumption. This makes thiopental a desirable drug for use in patients with cerebral swelling (eg, head trauma, brain tumors), since intracranial pressure and blood volume are not increased (in contrast to the volatile anesthetics). 

By measuring rates of ventilation and the degree of oxygen undersaturation in deeper waters, an estimate of the rates of oxygen utilization (OUR) may be made and integrated to yield the total amount of oxygen consumed beneath the euphotic zone each year (Jenkins, 1982). From this number a flux of POC and PON may be calculated. Estimates of export production based on OURs are reasonably in line with the amount of new production that could be supported from measured fluxes of N03 into surface waters (Jenkins, 1988). 

In calculating the effectiveness of an aeration system or the economics of aeration, important use is made of the degree of oxygen utilization given in %... 

A number of optical chemical sensor systems have been developed for food and packaging applications and proven their utility. Some sensors, such as phase-fluorimetric oxygen sensor, have already reached high degree of maturity and demonstrated their potential for use on a mass scale. While the others still require extensive research, development and search for new solutions, so as to match basic practical requirements for such sensors. The experience and lessons learned with current optical sensor systems must be... 

In a related publication, Kobayashi and his team reported on Zr-catalyzed asymmetric Mannich reactions that utilize the more electron-rich oxygenated ketene acetals shown in Scheme 6.28 [93], A noteworthy aspect of this study was that the levels of syn/anti diaste-reocontrol proved to be dependent on the nature of the alkoxide substituent whereas the (3-TBS acetals predominantly afforded the syn isomer, the OBn derivatives afforded a larger amount of the anti isomer. As before, the presence of an additive, this time 1,2-dimeth-ylimidazole (DMI), proved to be important with regard to the level of Ti-facial selectivity. The phenol activating group can be removed by the same procedure as reported previously, with essentially identical degrees of efficiency (see Scheme 6.27). 

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