Oxycodone indications

OxyContin is a controlled-released form of oxycodone and indicated for the management of moderate to severe pain when a continuous, around-the-clock analgesic is needed for an extended period of time OxyContin is not intended for use as a PRN analgesic The patient may experience fewer adverse reactions with oxycodone tlian morphine, and the drug is effective and safe for the elderly. The tablets are to be swallowed whole and are not to be broken, chewed, or crushed. 

Oxycodone CR tablets are indicated for the management of moderate to severe pain when a continuous, around-the-clock analgesic is needed for an extended period of time. 

Not indicated for pain in the immediate postoperative period (the first 12 to 24 hours following surgery), or if the pain is mild or not expected to persist for an extended period of time. Oxycodone controlled-release tablets are only indicated for postoperative use if the patient is already receiving the drug prior to surgery or if the postoperative pain is expected to be moderate to severe and persist for an extended period of time. Individualize treatment, moving from parenteral to oral analgesics as appropriate. 

Taking broken, chewed, or crushed tablets could lead to the rapid release and absorption of a potentially fatal dose of oxycodone. OxyContin is not indicated for rectal administration. Data from a study involving 21 normal volunteers show that OxyContin tablets administered per rectum resulted in an AUC 39% greater and a Cmax... 

Hydrocodone (Hycodan), oxycodone (Roxicodone), dihydrocodeine, hydromorphone (Dilaudid), and oxy-morphone (Numorphan) are derivatives of codeine and morphine. All are indicated for the relief of mild to severe pain or for their antipyretic effects they are often used in combination with nonopioid analgesics. The drugs vary in potency, but their pharmacological effects do not differ significantly from those of codeine or morphine. 

Drug use by teenagers in 2004 appears to have declined, though use of inhalants and oxycodone (OxyContin ), a prescription opioid pain reliever, are on the rise. Recent reports indicate that a ready source of drugs of abuse for adolescents is prescription drugs found in the home medicine cabinet, as well as prescription drugs available on the Internet. ... 

E Oxycodone/acetaminophen would be the most appropriate drug to start for this patient s acute postsurgical pain. The onset of action is rapid, and it can be titrated to effect. Morphine and meperidine have active metabolites that can accumulate in this patient with renal dysfunction, increasing the risk for seizures, sedation, and respiratory depression. The fentanyl patch is primarily indicated in chronic pain. The onset is slow, and the patches cannot be titrated up rapidly to cover acute pain, nor titrated down as the patient recovers and requires less opioid. 

OXYCODONE/A CET AMTNOPHEN (Percocet tablets 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/325 mg acetaminophen, tablets 7.5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/500 mg acetaminophen, tablets 10 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/650 mg acetaminophen, Roxicet tablets 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/325 mg acetaminophen, solution, oral 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/325 mg acetaminophen, Roxicet 5/500 caplets 5 mg oxycodone/500 mg acetaminophen, Roxilox capsules 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/500 mg acetaminophen, Tylox capsules 5 mg oxycodone hydrochloride/500 mg acetaminophen) Oxycodone/acetaminophen is an opioid analgesic combination. Acetaminophen inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins and peripherally blocks pain impulse generation, whereas oxycodone binds to opiate receptors in the CNS. Their combination has a synergistic effect in alleviating pain. It is indicated in the relief of moderate to moderately severe pain. 

Oxycodone hydrochloride/aspirin is an opioid analgesic combination. Oxycodone relieves pain by stimulating opiate receptors in CNS. Aspirin inhibits prostaglandin synthesis, resulting in analgesia, antiinflammatory activity, and inhibition of platelet aggregation. It is indicated for the relief of moderate to moderately severe pain. 

As shown in Figure 8, the total stabilization energy of the model hydration of hydromorphone base is 4.1 kcal mole compared to 9.4 kcal mole for oxymorphone base, with similar energies for hydrocodone and oxycodone. Since the models in Figure 7 are considered to represent the hydration of the fragments by which the two molecules differ structurally, this result indicates that the free base of oxymorphone... 

Oxycodone is indicated for the treatment of moderate to severe pain that is either acute or chronic. It is effective for the treatment of pain caused by a variety of etiologies including malignancies, surgery, somatic, visceral, and neuropathic disease. 

Oxycodone CR (controlled release) is indicated for patients whose pain requires control around the clock on a longer term or chronic basis as in cancer, osteoarthritis, or during rehabilitation following major orthopedic surgery (refer to Chapter 21). Oxycodone CR and IR have equal analgesic efficacy... 

Review of case reports has indicated that the risk of fatal overdose is further increased when oxycodone CR is abused concurrently with alcohol or other CNS depressants, including other opioids. 

The FDA required a safety study of 90 days duration in at least 300 patients where tapentadol was compared to another immediate-release opioid [7]. For the 849 adult subjects enrolled in this study, the average baseline pain intensity score was 7.1. About half the patients were opioid-experienced. Supplemental analgesics (acetaminophen 2 g per day or ibuprofen 400 mg per day) were allowed in this study. The treatment groups were tapentadol IR 50 mg or 100 mg every 4 to 6 hours PRN versus oxycodone IR 10 mg or 15 mg every 4 to 6 hours PRN. Adverse events were monitored as part of the tolerability evaluation. Tapentadol was well tolerated, and had a lower incidence of GI adverse events than in patients treated with the comparator (refer to Table 31.2). Other tolerability evaluations included findings from the Clinical Opioid Withdrawal Scale (COWS) which indicated that 83% of patients abruptly discontinued from therapy did not experience withdrawal symptoms within 2 to 4 days of treatment cessation. 

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