Oxoacids additive names

Table IR-8.1 Acceptable common names and systematic (additive) names for oxoacid and related structures... 

All inorganic oxoacids for which a common name containing the word acid is still acceptable according to the present recommendations are listed in Table IR-8.1 together with additive names to illustrate how systematic names may be given. 

This Table gives acceptable common names, functional replacement names (see Section IR-8.6) and systematic (additive) names for compounds related to oxoacids in Table IR-8.1 and certain isomers and corresponding anions. The examples given are derived by formal replacement of an O atom/O atoms, or of an OH group/OH groups, by (an)other atom(s) or group(s). 

The method of giving a systematic name to an inorganic oxoacid uses an additive name. This shows the connectivity of the central atom, as well as the groups attached to that central atom. The structure of a molecule of sulfuric acid is shown below ... 

For the conjugate acids or bases of oxoacids, additive rules are again applied. In addition, the overall charge is shown in the name. For example, [H3SO4] has the following structure ... 

This system is additive and was developed originally to name coordination compounds, although it can be used in other circumstances when appropriate. For a discussion, see the Nomenclature of Inorganic Chemistry, Chapter 10. The compound to be named is considered as a central atom together with its ligands, and the name is developed by assembling the individual names of the constituents. This system has also been applied to name oxoacids and the related anions. Coordination names for oxoanions are cited in the examples throughout the text, and they are presented in detail in Section 4.4.5 (p. 69). 

In addition to the oxoacids, there are a small number of other acids, such as HC1, that do not contain oxygen. Although the pure, gaseous compound HC1 is named hydrogen chloride according to the rules for binary compounds, the aqueous solution is named hydrochloric acid, HCl(a ). This example is typical of non-oxygen-containing acids The prefix hydro- and the suffix -ic acid are used for the aqueous solution in such cases. 

Constructing a substitutive name generally involves the replacement of hydrogen atoms in a parent structure with other atoms or atom groups. Related operations, often considered to be part of substitutive nomenclature, are skeletal replacement (Section IR-6.2.4.1) and functional replacement in oxoacid parents (Section IR-8.6). Note that some operations in parent hydride-based nomenclature are not substitutive operations (e.g. formation of cations and anions by addition of H+ and H, respectively, cf. Sections IR-6.4.1 and IR-6.4.5). Names formed by the modifications of parent hydride names described in those sections are still considered part of substitutive nomenclature. 

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