Lipoprotein oxidised low-density

Esterbauer, H., Dieber-Rotheneder, M., Waeg, G., StreigI, G. and Jurgens, G. (1990). Biochemical structural and functional properties of oxidised low density lipoprotein. Chem. Res. Tox. 3, 77-92. 

McNally, A.K., Chisholm, G.M., Morel, D.W. and Cathcart, M. (1990). Activated human monocytes oxidise low density lipoprotein by a lipoxygenase dependent pathway. J. Immunol. 145, 254-259. 

Sparrow, C.P., Parthasarathy, S. and Steinberg, D. (1989). A macrophage receptor that recognizes oxidised low density lipoprotein but not acetylated low density lipoprotein. J. Biol. Chem. 264, 2599-2604. 

C. K., Sigal, E., Witztum, J.L. and Steinberg, D. (1990). Localisation of 15-lipoxygenase mRNA and protein with epitopes of oxidised low density lipoprotein in macrophrge rich areas of artherosderotic lesions. Proc. Natl Acad. Sci. USA 87, 6959-6963. 

Cathcart, M.K., Morel, D.W. and Chisolm, G. (1985). Monocytes and endothelial cells oxidise low density lipoprotein making it cytotoxic. Leukocyte Bil. 38, 341-350. 

Rice-Evans, C., Green, E., Paganga, G., Cooper, C. and Wri esworth, J. (1993). Oxidised low density lipoproteins induce iron release from activated myoglobin. FEBS Lett. 326, 177-182. 

Vaarala, O., Alfthan, G., Jauhiainen, M., Leirisalo-Repo, M., Aho, K. and Palosuo, T. (1993). Cross-reaction between antibodies to oxidised low-density lipoprotein and to cardiolipin in systemic lupus erythematosus. Lancet 341, 923-925. 

Winyard, P.G., Tatzber, F., Esterbauer, H., Kus, M.L., Blake, D.R. and Morris, C.J. (1993). Presence of foam cells containing oxidised low density lipoprotein in the synovial membrane from patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis. 52, 677-680. 

Lyons, T.J. (1991). Oxidised low density lipoproteins a role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis in diabetes Diabet. Med. 8, 411-419. 

FTIR assessment of native and oxidised low-density lipoprotein... 

Quercetin significantly inhibited basal and oxidised low-density lipoprotein-stimulated MMP-1 expression in human umbilical vein endothehal cells cultured in a 5 % COj atmosphere (Song et al. 2001). 

In microglial N9 cells grown in RPMI 1640 +15 % heat-inactivated serum +5 jiM dimethyl sulfoxide, oxidised low density lipoprotein caused a dose-dependent increase in 2,7-dichlorofluorescin fluorescence, which was inhibited by pre-treatment with antioxidants, consistent with the formation of reactive oxygen species (Keller etal. 1999). 

Neurotoxicity induced by oxidised low-density-lipoprotein in cultures of embryonic mouse striatal neurones was neither reduced nor enhanced by inhibiting extracellular signal-regulated kinases 1/2 activation with mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors, suggesting that this cascade is unlikely to be involved in either oxidised low-density-lipoprotein toxicity or the protective effects of flavonoids (SCHROETER etal. 2001). 

In vitro, oxidised low-density lipoprotein loaded murine resident peritoneal macrophages produced 68-99% less nitrite than non-loaded cells (Bolton etal. 1994). Failure to detects NOS products from macrophages previously loaded with oxidised low-density lipoprotein appeared from lack of NOS activity, as little active enzyme could be recovered from oxidised low-density lipoprotein loaded cells. However, addition of oxidised low-density lipoprotein to an active cell-free NOS preparation had no direct effect on enzymatic activity. When native LDL was subsequently incubated with these various IFNy/LPS stimulated cells, cells preloaded with oxidised LDL promoted, on average, a 2-ford greater increase in oxidative modification of the LDL added than either non-loaded or acetylated LDL-loaded cells. 

Alderman CJ, Bimyard PR, Chain BM, et al. Effects of oxidised low density lipoprotein on dendritic cells a possible immunoregulatory component of the atterogenic micro-enviromnent Cardiovasc Res 2002 55 806-819. 

Egert, S., Bosy-Westphal, A., Seiberl, J., Kurbitz, C., Settler, U., Plachta-Danielzik, S., Wagner, A. E., Frank, J., Schrezenmeir, J., Rimbach, G., Wolfifram, S. and Muller, M. J., 2009. Quercetin reduces systolic blood pressure and plasma oxidised low-density lipoprotein concentrations in overweight subjects with a high-cardiovascular disease risk phenotype a double-blinded, placebo-controlled cross-over study. British Journal of Nutrition 102 (7), 1065-1074. 

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