Oxidative stress activation

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Dalton, T.P., Q. Li, D. Bittel, L. Liang and G.K. Andrews. Oxidative stress activates metal-responsive transcription factor-1 binding activity. Occupancy in vivo of metal response elements in the metallothionein-I gene promoter. J. Biol. Chem. 271 26233—26241, 1996. 

Larochelle, M.. Drouin, S.. Robert, F., and Turcotte, B. (2006) Oxidative stress-activated zinc cluster protein StbSp has dual activator/repressor fiinctions required for pentose phosphate pathway regulation and NADPH production. Molecular and Cellular Biology. 26. 6690-6701. 

The problem is that oxidative stress is a necessary part of our response to infection without it, we are unable to mount a genetic defence against pathogens. Oxidative stress activates transcription factors such as NFkB, which coordinate the broader genetic response promoting inflammation and stress resistance.5 Unfortunately, the rise in oxidative stress during ageing also activates NFkB. The pressure to eliminate infection in youth is... 

Mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) mediate apoptosis and cell growth, and jim N-terminal kinase (JNK) in particular is activated by oxidative stress. Yang et al. (2008) suggested that JNKs/SAPKs and p38 MAPK are classic oxidative stress-activated protein kinases, and Kim et al. (2004) observed that treatment with selenite increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels and JNKl phosphorylation in Chang liver cells. 

Evans, J.L., Goldfine, ID., Maddux, B.A. et al. Are oxidative stress-activated signaling pathways mediators of insulin resistance and beta-ceU dysfunction Diabetes 2003 52(1) 1. 

Yuasa, Y, Ichimura, K., Mizoguchi, T., Shinozaki, K. (2001). Oxidative stress activates ATMPK6, an Arabidopsis homologue of MAP kinase. Plant Cell Physiology, 42, 1012-1016. 

The molecular mechanisms that might be responsible for metamfetamine neurotoxicity include oxidative stress, activation of... 

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