Oxidative agents animal studies

Sevoflurane. Sevoflurane, l,l,l,3,3,3-hexafluoro-2-propyl fluromethyl ether [28523-86-6] is nonpungent, suggesting use in induction of anesthesia. The blood/gas partition coefficient is less than other marketed products (Table 1) yet similar to nitrous oxide, suggesting fast onset and recovery. In animal studies, recovery was faster for sevoflurane than for isoflurane, enflurane, or halothane (76). Sevoflurane is stable to light, oxygen, and metals (28). However, the agent does degrade in soda lime (77). 

Enhanced susceptibility to respiratory exposure to infectious agents is of considerable potential public-health significance. This has been reported to occur in mice exposed to ozone at as low as 0.08 ppm, the lowest reported effect concentration in laboratory animal studies. It seems essential, therefore, to continue and expand research on the effect of ozone and other photochemical oxidants on physiologic protective mechanisms of the lung. Appropriate dose-response studies should be included to confirm or establish the exposure concentration-time relationships that result in increased susceptibility to inhaled microorganisms, and studies of the cellular responses and mechanisms should be conducted with a view to providing methods that are applicable to epidemi-ol( c studies in oxidant-exposed human populations. 

Fischer HW (1957) CoUoidal stannic oxide Animal studies on a new hepatolienographic agent. Radiology 68 488... 

There is good evidence that propofol exerts an anti-emetic effect. The mechanism of this is unclear, but animal studies have shown that it may involve depleting the area postrema of serotonin as well as direct GABA-mediated inhibition, or inhibition of dopamine release in the brain. This probably requires a plasma concentration of over 350 ng-mL-1, and therefore will be seen when propofol is used as an induction agent for very short cases, or when it is used as an infusion in longer cases. Nitrous oxide... 

Eckelman WC, Steigman J (1991) Direct labelling with " Tc. Nucl Med Biol 18 3-7 Fischer HW (1957) Colloidal stannic oxide - animal studies on a new hepatolienographic agent. Radiology 68 488-498... 

Probucol. Probucol is an antioxidant that is effective in lowering LDL cholesterol. Whereas probucol was known to lower cholesterol after relatively simple clinical trials (160), its mechanism of action as an antioxidant in the treatment of atherosclerosis is quite novel. Probucol has been shown to have the abiUty to produce regression of atherosclerotic lesions in animal models (161). Probucol therefore represents a novel class of pharmaceutical agent for the treatment of atherosclerosis. This effect occurs mechanistically, in part, by preventing oxidation of LDL, a necessary step in foam cell formation. This antioxidant activity has been shown in laboratory experiments and its activity in lowering LDL cholesterol in human studies is well documented (162). 

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