Oxidation titanium aluminium carbides

There are three groups of admixtures in raw Al nonmetallic, metallic, and gaseous. Nonmetallic admixtures are electrolyte, alumina, aluminium carbide, carbon particles, and oxide spots. They are taken from the reduction cell at tapping. Metallic admixtures are iron, silicon, titanium, sodium, and calcium. They come from raw materials. The gaseous admixture in raw Al is mostly hydrogen. 

The traditional or conventional ceramics are generally in monolithic form. These include bricks, pottery, tiles and a variety of art objects. The advanced or high-performance monolithic ceramic materials represent a new and improved class of ceramic materials where, frequently, some sophisticated chemical processing route is used to obtain them. Generally, their characteristics are based on the high quality and purity of the raw materials used. Examples of these high-performance ceramics include oxides, nitrides, carbides of silicon, aluminium, titanium and zirconium, alumina, etc. 

It is possible to make electrolithically deposited coatings in special cells and in the cells under operation [123, 124]. Thermodynamically, it is possible to receive the deposited coatings, combining the addition of titanium compounds in electrolyte, and boron oxides to the carbon anode material. Metal oxides dissolve in electrolyte the ions of metals discharge at the cathode and deposit on the cathode as titanium boride and titanium carbide. The problem involves the poor controllability of the process and the need to fulfill the required purity of aluminium (in titanium and boron content). Once small amounts of boron oxide and titanium (in the form of oxide of salt) are added, it is possible to obtain the metal of required purity and quality, but the coating process lasts for a long time and is poorly ccmtroUed. 

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