Oxidation of acetylene

Several studies of spherical and cylindrical detonation in acetylene—oxygen and acetylene—air mixtures have been reported (82,83). The combustion and oxidation of acetylene are reviewed extensively in Reference 84. A study of the characteristics and destmctive effects of detonations in mixtures of acetylene (and other hydrocarbons) with air and oxygen-enriched air in earthen tuimels and large steel pipe is reported in Reference 81. 

Catalytic Oxidation of Acetylene in Air for Oxygen Manufacture J. Henry Rushton and K. A. Krieger The Poisoning of Metallic Catalysts E. B. Maxted... 

The ketenyl radical (HCCO) is a key intermediate in the oxidation of acetylene in flames. It is mainly formed from the O + C2H2 HCCO + H reaction. In lean flames, the HCCO + O2 reaction is the main pathway for decay of HCCO, and this reaction has recently been shown to be the source of prompt CO2 [44, 45]. 

Data of the oxidation of acetylene on Mn02 catalyst are cited by Batalin (357, 1960). The plot of In k against reciprocal temperature reveals three... 

One of the most useful coupling reactions is the Eglintion reaction in which the oxidation of acetylene anions with ferric ion proceeds very satisfactorily. 

The oxidation of propargyl alcohol to the acid and of but-2-yne-l,4-diol to acetylene dicarboxylic acid is carried out on a technical scale at a lead dioxide anode in sulphuric acid [4, 5]. Electrochemical oxidation of acetylenic secondary alcohols to the ketone at lead dioxide in aqueous sulphuric acid [4], gives better results than the cliromic acid based process of Jones [6], Oxidation of aminoalkan-1-ols to the amino acid at a lead dioxide anode in sulphuric acid is achieved in 31 -73 % 5delds [7]. This route is applied to the technical scale production of (l-alanine from 3-aminopropanol in an undivided cell [8]. 

Mahyisulfonyl chloride CH3SO2CI and tosyl chloride give low to moderate yields of ROCSO2CH3 and RC=CS02-Aryl. Part of the sulfonyl chloride reacts with the lithium alkynylide to give a chloroalkyne. A more succesful method to prepare acetylenic sulfones involves Oxidation of acetylene sulfides with peiacids. 

Moro-oka el al. (42,230) have reported kinetic data for the oxidation reactions of acetylene, ethylene, propene, propane, and isobutene on up to twelve different oxides and also palladium and platinum metals. Calculated parameters for the two compensation effects mentioned by these authors [i.e., those oxidation reactions of propene for which the oxygen pressure dependency exponent was <0.6 (42) and the oxidation of acetylene (230)] and for all the data given in both references are given in Table V, D, E, and F, respectively. Although similar calculations were completed for several other selected groups of related reactions, no additional significant instances of obedience of data to Eq. (2) were detected. 

Bowden, K., I. M. Heilbron, E. R. H. Jones, and B. C. L. Weedon (1946) Researches on acetylenic compounds. Part I. The preparation of acetylenic ketones by oxidation of acetylenic carbinols and glycols. Journal of the Chemical Society (London), 39-45. 

Oxidation of acetylenic ethers. 1-Alkoxy-l-alkynes (1) are oxidized by OSO4 (the function of KCIO3 is to regenerate OsO ) to a-keto esters (2) in HjO-ether in 50-80% yield. The paper also reports use of this system for the novel oxidation of 3 to the erythro-isomcT (4) of 3,4-dihydroxyhexane-2,5-dione. ... 

Oxidation of acetylenes. The addition of 2 mole eq. of NBS to a solution of diphenylacctylcne in DMSO leads to the formation of benzil in 98% yield. DMSO is... 

Oxidation of acetylenes. Diarylacctylcncs are converted into benzils in 45-95% yield by treatment with TTN in either aqueous acidic (perchloric acid) glyme or methanol ... 

Palladium Supported Pd Oxidation of acetylene and acetic acid... 

There are few reported examples of preparatively significant electrochemical oxidations of acetylenes and it is doubtful whether any of them involve initial electron transfer from the triple bond. The few significant examples are discussed in Section III. 

Catalytic combustion of hydrocarbons on ceria has been studied for a long time. Both paraffins and unsaturated hydrocarbons are totally oxidised on ceria between 300°C and 500 C. Previous results of Morooka and co-workers have clearly evidence the catalytic properties of ceria compared to other oxides in total oxidation of acetylene, ethylene, propene, isobutene and propane [39]. They noted... 

Zinc dichromate tiihydrate, ZnCr207<3H20, is obtained as an orange-red solid by adding zinc carbonate to a cold solution of chromium trioxide in dilute sulfuric acid [660]. The applications are oxidations of acetylenes lo a-diketones, of aromatic hydrocarbons to quinones, of alcohols to aldehydes, and of ethers to esters and the oxidative regeneration of carbonyl compounds from their oximes [660]. 

The applications of ruthenium tetroxide range from the common types of oxidations, such as those of alkenes, alcohols, and aldehydes to carboxylic acids [701, 774, 939, 940] of secondary alcohols to ketones [701, 940, 941] of aldehydes to acids (in poor yields) [940] of aromatic hydrocarbons to quinones [942, 943] or acids [701, 774, 941] and of sulfides to sulfoxides and sulfones [942], to specific ones like the oxidation of acetylenes to vicinal dicarbonyl compounds [9JS], of ethers to esters [940], of cyclic imines to lactams [944], and of lactams to imides [940]. 

Oxidations of acetylenic acids [101, 268, 864] and esters of acetylenic alcohols [84, 1117 io the corresponding a-dicarbonyl compounds and carboxylic acids are discussed in the section on carboxylic acids. 

Oxidation of Acetylenic Alcohols to Ketones by the Jones Reagent [578]... 

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