Other poly ether-6-amide copolymers

Other poly(ether-6-amide) copolymers S.l. Poly (ethylene oxide)-based PEBA 

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As emphasized above, the concept of nanoreinforcement is far less practiced for TPEs than for thermoplastics [1,2,4,6,8], thermosets [1,2,8,11] and even for traditional rubbers [3,12]. This remark holds especially for addition and condensation TPEs. On the contrary, considerable amount of work was done on olefinic and styrenic TPEs. What is the reason for paying little attention to the nanoreinforcement of TPEs This is likely due to the fact that the properties of addition and condensation TPEs can be tailored upon request via the related synthesis. Recall that this was also the major argument for their less explored blending with other polymers. A further analogy with blending is that markedly more reports addressed the nanoreinforcement of TPUs compared to poly(ether amide) and poly(ether ester) block copolymers (see also Chapter 15). 

PAs have also been copolymerized with other polymer systems and, in particular", with polyesters and poly ethers. In the copoly esteramides the crystallinity is decreased by copolymerization, as the crystalline structure of the amide unit is very different from the ester unit. However, alternating polyesteramides behave as homopolymers with a glass ttansition temperature and a melting temperature intermediate to the polyester and the PA polymer (Figs. 3.10 and 3.11).23,24 Polyesters, such as PBT and PET, modified with a small amount of diamide are also copolymers that have a high order.24,73... 

For the gasket, instead of PP, poly(phenylene sulfide), poly(ethyl-ene terephthalate), poly(amide), liquid crystal polymer, tetrafluoroethyl-ene/perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer resin, PEEK, and poly(ether nitrile) have been found to be free of explosions and other drawbacks at the reflow temperature." ... 

It should be noted that Car et al. [10,11] (see also Chapter 12 of this volume) worked independently on similar blend manbranes, which were made of Pebax 1657, a grade of commercial poly(amide-b-ether) block copolymer with six polyamide blocks, and free PEG. Those membranes were also shown to exhibit high selectivity and permeability performances, which were attribnted to changes in both the chemical composition (i.e. higher EO content) and the morphological stmctuie (i.e. lower material crystallinity). On the contrary, Jaipurkar [12] observed CO2 permeability and selectivity improvements for the blend of Pebax 2533 with 25% of PEG 10000, bnt not for the blends with other PEG molecular weights or composition. 

Some other synthetic biodegradable polymers such as poly(alkyl cyanoacrylates), polyphosphazenes, " poly(ortho esters),poly(ethylene ter-ephthalate)-poly(ethylene glycol) copolymer and poly(ether ester amide)s have been of great interest in many fields. 

Poly(vinyl alcohol) is utilized as a component of starch-based adhesives.11121114 Other patents report the use of partially oxidized starch,1115 dextrins,1116 dextrins and urea,1117 borax,1118 boric acid,1119 and vinyl methyl ether-maleic acid copolymers.1120 Other patents indicate the use of poly (vinyl alcohol) with partially hydrolyzed poly(vinyl acetate),1121 nonhy-drolyzed poly(vinyl acetate),1122 and poly(vinyl chloride).1123 A few patents have reported such poly acrylic additives as poly (acrylic acid)1124 and its salts,1125 poly(acrylamide),1126 1127 A-methylacrylamide or poly(A-acryl-amide),1128 and polyethyleneimine.1129 Polystyrene has also been used,1130 as well as more complex copolymers such as a maleic acid monobutyl ester-methyl vinyl ether copolymer, together with dextrin and polyacrylamide),1131 carboxylated ethyl acrylate-styrene zinc salt copolymer,1132 ethylene-methyl acrylate-vinyl acetate copolymer,1133 vinyl acetate-vinyl pyr-rolidone copolymer,1134 and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.1135 Some adhesives are compounded with SBR latex1136 1138 and phenol-formaldehyde resins.1139... 

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