Other Metal MPCs

The electrochemistry of alkyl- or arylthio substituted MPc complexes (which result in redshifted spectra, depending on the central metal) is often different from that of other substituted MPc complexes. For example irreversible ring reductions for the thio Pcs have been reported [60] often coupled with chemical reactions and adsorption of the reduction products. Overlaps of reduction couples to form... 

Other metallic clusters that have been demonstrated to show the QDL effect are palladium [116, 117], silver [118] and copper [119]. Palladium MFCs capped with mixed monolayers of hexanethiolate/dodecanethiolate and ferrocene thiolate ligands are prepared in a manner similar to that employed for gold MFCs. The DPV studies exhibit a quantized charging effect but the current peaks are not as well defined as those observed for Au-MPCs. Capacitance values of the order of 0.35 aF are obtained, indicating smaller core sizes or thicker monolayer dielectrics [116]. 

Syntheses of MPCs with metal cores other than An have seen many advances over the years and applications involving these particles have increased as a result. Less is known about their structures but the range of core sizes obtained is analogous to that of An MPCs, that is, a range from molecule-like particles to larger ones whose ET properties resemble that of the bulk metal. Similar to An MPCs, MPCs of other core metals have highly modifiable surfaces, which can be functionalized with redox ligands or biomolecules to suit a specific application. A discussion of Pd MPCs is followed by another on Pt MPCs and then on to less common core metal MPCs. 

The route from o-phthalodinitnle [91-15-6] can be represented 4 CgH4N2 + M — MPc, where M is a bivalent metal, metal haUde, metal alcoholate, or an equivalent amount of metal of valence other than two in a 4 1 molar ratio. If a solvent, eg, trichlorobenzene, benzophenol, pyridine, nitrobenzene, or quinoline, is used, the reaction takes place at approximately 180°C. Without a solvent the dry mixture must be heated to ca 300°C to initiate the exothermic reaction (50). 

Research on the use of CNT-MPc based electrode in electroanalytical chemistry is still in its infancy. Without doubt, there is an enormous potential for using CNT-MPc-based electrodes for applications in areas such as environmental, industrial, food, pharmaceutical, clinical, and biomedical fields. Few studies have only been attempted with MPc complexes with Co, Fe and Ni as the central metals, meaning that there are many open doors for research on these and many other MPc complexes as redox mediators for the development of electrochemical sensors. Given the many advantages of electrochemical techniques (especially sensitivity to redox-active analytes, and amenability to automation,... 

These inorganic systems have attracted much attention due to their potential applications in the design of electronic devices and catalytic process, among other fields [68-70]. Metal phthalocyanine (MPc) represents one of the most promising classes owing to its unique electronic properties and chemical stability. In the literature it is possible to find the MPc (M = Fe, Co and Cu) adsorption behavior on... 

Altering the metal center of MPcs-RAM complexes significantly affects electrochemical and SEC responses of these complexes. CoPc, X-MnPc, X-FePc, and TiOPc complexes show completely different electrochemical and SEC responses than each other, thus each complex is explained separately below. 

The application of zeolite encapsulated metal chelate complexes in catalysis is a promising area of research. In particular shape selective oxidations catalyzed by metallophthalocyanines (MPc), shown in Figure 1, included in synthetic faujasite (FAU) type zeolites (2-10) appear to be competitive with other molecular sieve based catalysts that may have commercial potential. The restricted apertures ( 7.4 A) to the supercages (12A) in FAU type zeolites precludes removal of the large MPc complex unless the zeolite lattice is destroyed. Such physically trapped complexes have been termed ship-in-a-bottle complexes as well as zeozymes (to reflect the biomimetic reactivity that is often associated with these catalysts). 

Figure 9.16 Shows the chemical stracture of the copper phthalocyanine molecule. Other MPc molecules referred to in the text are similar with different metal ions in the core of the...

---