Other Electrorheological Effects

In addition to above discussed applications, doped and undoped CPs also find extensive use in the other areas (Figure 1.66) like DSSCs, field-effect transistors (FETs), TFTs, display devices, catalysis, ECs, water purification, electroactive materials (electrorheological fluids, actuators, artificial muscles), tissue engineering scaffolds, memory devices, photocatalysis (degradation and synthesis), thermoelectric generation, electrochemical batteries, etc. [15,16,39,52,54,56,57,61,62,67,82,84,107,109, 112,113,149,153,162,169,240,244,309,314,387,401,422,423,446,514, 516,546,547,550,557,567-571], some of them will be elaborated in details in the following chapters. 

Electroviscous fluid is a fluid that can drastically change its viscoelasticity by applying an external electrical field, with this effect called ihe ER effect. Electrorheology materials can include fluids but also ER rubbers, ER gels, and other forms [26, 27]. 

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