Osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures

Kim, C., Mahar, A., Perry, A., Massie, J., Lu, L., Currier, B., Yaszemski, M.J. 2007. Biomechanical evaluation of an injectable radiopaque polypropylene fumarate cement for kyphoplasty in a cadaveric osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture model. J Spinal Disord Tech 20(8), 604-609. 

Periy, A Mahar, A Massie, J Airieta, N Garfin, S Kim, C. Biomechanical evaluation of kyphoplasty with calcium sulfate cement in a cadaveric osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture model. Spine Journal, 2005, 5, 489-493. 

Osteoporotic vertebral compression fracture with excruciating pain and/or adverse elfects to opioid treatment or opioid tolerance developed in patients with formerly controlled pain. Failure of medical therapy is defined as minimal or no pain relief with the administration of analgesics for 3-4 weeks or achievement of adequate pain relief with only narcotic dosages that induce excessive intolerable adverse effects (constipation, urinary retention, and/ or confusion). 

It has been reported that cement leakage is more common when PV is used for metastatic osteolytic tumors or myelomas of the spine than in osteoporotic fractures. However, Vasconcelos et al. (2002) observed no major differences, although they noted venous leaks slightly more frequently in patients with metastatic lesions. When PV was performed in osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures, leakage into the disc space was more commonly observed. Mousavi et al. (2003) reviewed post-procedural GT scans in patients with osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and metastatic lesions of the spine and concluded that in osteoporotic vertebrae leakage occurred mainly into the disc, whereas in metastatic lesions it was found in various different locations. 

Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2005 26 52-64 Phillips FM Minimally invasive treatments of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures. Spine 2003 28 45 53. Rades D, Fehlauer F, Schulte R, Veninga T, Stalpers LJ, Basic H et al Prognostic factors for local control and survival after radiotherapy of metastatic spinal cord compression. J Clin Oncol 2006 24 3388 93... 

Hochmuth K, Proschek D, Schwarz W et al (2006) Percutaneous vertebroplasty in the therapy of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures a critical review. Eur Radiol 1-7... 

Kobayashi K, Shimoyama K, Nakamura K et al (2005) Percutaneous vertebroplasty immediately relieves pain of osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures and prevents prolonged immobilization of patients. Eur Radiol 15 360-367... 

Knopp-Sihota J, Newbum-Cook C, Homik J, Cummings G, Voaklander D. Calcitonin for treating acute and chronic pain of recent and remote osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures a systematic review and meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int 2012 23(l) 17-38. 

Nakano M, Hirano N, Matsuura K, Watanabe H, Kitagawa H, Ishihara H, et al. Percutaneous transpedicular vertebroplasty with calcium phosphate cement in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral compression and bmst fractures. J Neurosurg. 

Bai, B., Jazrawi, L. M., Kummer, F. J., and Spivak, J. M. (1999), The use of an injectable, biodegradable calcium phosphate bone substitute for the pto[diylactic augmentation of osteoporotic vertebrae and the management of vertebral compression fractures. Spine 24(13) 1S21-1S26. 

Jensen ME, Evans AJ, Mathis JM et al (1997) Percutaneous polymethylmethacrylate vertebroplasty in the treatment of osteoporotic vertebral body compression fractures technical aspects. AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 18 1897-1904... 

Osteoporosis is a major public problem, it is a skeletal disease characterized by low bone mass and microarchitec-tural deterioration. Osteoporotic patient occur fragility fracture frequently, and the common positions were vertebral, hip, wrist. There was 1.66million hip fracture in worldwide [1], 1,197,000 in women and 463,000 in men. Dynamic hip screw was the standard treatment in stable femoral proximal fracture. But in unstable fracture, it has high failure rate. Unstable fracture has the weak structure, it cause that the force loads on femoral head. Then the cut-out complication will happen, especially on osteoporotic patient. The hip biomechanics can help us to design new device and develop new technique to solve the clinical problem. From the diagram of the lines of stress in the upper femur, the lesser trochanter supply the compression... 

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