Oscillator frequency

Density Density and specific gravity NFT 60-172 ISO 12185 ASTM D 4052 Oscillating frequency... 

VER occurs as a result of fluctuating forces exerted by the bath on the system at the system s oscillation frequency O [5]. Fluctuating dynamical forces are characterized by a force-force correlation function. The Fourier transfonn of this force correlation function at Q, denoted n(n), characterizes the quantum mechanical frequency-dependent friction exerted on the system by the bath [5, 8]. 

Equation (C3.5.2 ) is a function of batli coordinates only. The VER rate constant is proportional to tire Fourier transfonn, at tire oscillator frequency Q, of tire batli force-correlation function. This Fourier transfonn is proportional as well to tire frequency-dependent friction q(n) mentioned previously. For example, tire rate constant for VER of tire Emdamental (v = 1) to tire ground (v = 0) state of an oscillator witli frequency D is [54]... 

For very-high-accuracy ah initio calculations, the harmonic oscillator approximation may be the largest source of error. The harmonic oscillator frequencies... 

The explanation of the hydrogen atom spectmm and the photoelectric effect, together with other anomalous observations such as the behaviour of the molar heat capacity Q of a solid at temperatures close to 0 K and the frequency distribution of black body radiation, originated with Planck. In 1900 he proposed that the microscopic oscillators, of which a black body is made up, have an oscillation frequency v related to the energy E of the emitted radiation by... 

As shown by Benderskii and Makarov [1992], one could consider an even more general problem with oscillator frequencies 03 dependent on Q. The result would be... 

The spectra from strong oscillators have special features which are different from those from metallic and dielectric substrates. Different structures in tanf and A are observed on a metallic substrate, dependent on the thickness of the film (Fig. 4.65). For very thin films up to approximately 100 nm the Berreman effect is found near the position of n = k and n < 1 with a shift to higher wavenumbers in relation to the oscillator frequency. This effect decreases with increasing thickness (d > approx. 100 nm) and is replaced by excitation of a surface wave at the boundary of the dielectric film and metal. The oscillator frequency (TO mode) can now also be observed. On metallic substrates for thin films (d < approx. 2 pm) only the 2-component of the electric field is relevant. With thin films on a dielectric substrate the oscillator frequency and the Berreman effect are always observed simultaneously, because in these circumstances all three components of the electric field are possible (Fig. 4.66). 

The tapered-element oscillating microbalance (TEOM) sensor, as described by Patashnick and Rupprecht, consists of an oscillating tapered tube with a filter at its free end (Fig. 13.40). The mass of the filter increases due to the collected aerosol and produces a shift in the oscillation frequency of the tapered tube that is directly related to mass. 

At frequencies higher than this, a solid-state counter must be used. This is based on a stable oscillator and, in effect, counts the pulses generated during one cycle of the supply frequency. The range and accuracy of the instrument depends on the master oscillator frequency, but units capable of use over the whole range up to 600 MHz... 

FolK = Deflection of the spring under load, (also called static deflection, Zst) a> = Forced frequency ft)jj = Natural frequency of the oscillation = Frequency ratio... 

The coiled cable is not acceptable for low-speed (i.e., less than 300 rpm) applications or where there is a strong electromagnetic field. Because of its natural tendency to return to its relaxed length, the coiled cable generates a low level frequency that corresponds to the oscillation rate of the cable. In low-speed applications, this oscillation frequency can mask real vibration that is generated by the machine. 

Fig. 2. The Oscillational Frequency fob the Normal State of the Hydrogen Molecule as a Function of the Oscillational Quantum Number...

The best experimental value of the heat of dissociation of H2 is that obtained by Witmer (9) by extrapolating the oscillational levels of the normal state of the molecule to dissociation. The restoring force acting on the two nuclei becomes smaller as the nuclei get farther apart, and as a result the oscillational frequency in successive oscillational states becomes smaller and smaller. For H2 in the normal state this oscillational frequency... 

By extrapolating the observed oscillational frequencies for various excited states of H2 forming a part of a Rydberg series, Birge obtained for H2+ in the normal state the value... 

The general mode of operation in dynamic tests is to vary the stress sinusoidally with time. A viscoelastic solid in which the viscous element is that of a Newtonian liquid (as defined earlier) responds with a sinusoidal strain of identical oscillation frequency. However, because of the time-dependent relaxation processes taking place within the material, the strain lags behind the stress, as illustrated in Figure 7.9. 

The overall sound pressure level reaches 91 dB. The pressure spectrum in Figure 5.2.8b is quite similar to that associated with the flame-plate interaction in Figure 5.2.8a. The presence of harmonics of the fundamental frequency indicates that the pressure signal is also periodic with an oscillation frequency corresponding to the flame oscillation frequency, but that the flame response is nonlinear with a rich harmonic content. These energetic harmonics indicate that the... 

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