Synthesis orthogonal

Figure 2.8 Orthogonal synthesis leading to combinatorial library of trisaccharides.

Using the same procedure, the synthesis of the thiogalabioside (87b) was reported very recently [54]. Also, this year an orthogonal synthesis of a thio-linked analogue of the sialyl Lewis X (93) has been described using known coupling reactions (Scheme 26) [55]. 

Fig. 2.3 Orthogonal synthesis (C=coupling group P= protected group). On in-situ activation, P is temporarily transformed into F (= functional group), which undergoes spontaneous further reaction...

Spindler and Frechet228 reported the first orthogonal synthesis (Scheme 15) using the alternating... 

Yu and co-workers demonstrated the first orthogonal synthesis of chemically homogeneous dendrons (Scheme 17) with identical chemical connectivities,... 

The only chemically homogeneous orthogonal synthesis capable of efficiently producing high generation dendrimers (Scheme 19) was reported by Free-... 

A rapid, orthogonal synthesis of poly(benzyl ester) dendrimers via an "activated monomer approach. Org. Lett, 1, 685-687. 

Figure 20 Divergent and orthogonal synthesis of fourth-generation PBisMPA dendrimers excluding any activation protocols. DMAP, 4-Dimethylaminopyridine TEA, Triethylamine.

Recently, new methods such as orthogonal synthesis, double-stage convergent method, double-exponential method, hypermonomer method, and click chemistry have been disclosed for synthesis of dendrimers [5]. 

Triazines. The application of sulfone as a safety-catch linker has also been demonstrated by Chang and coworkers in their orthogonal synthesis of highly pure trisubstituted triazines 37 (Scheme 12.9). Polystyrene thiophenol resin was hrst coupled with the triazine 33 to yield the polymer-bound resin 34. The chlorinated site... 

Gilmore CD, Allan KM, Stoltz BM (2008) Orthogonal synthesis of indolines and isoquinolines via aryne annulation. J Am Chem Soc 130 1558-1559... 

Figure 2.10 (a) The UV-promoted radical addition of thiols to alkynes - the thiol-yne reaction (b) kinetics of the thiol-yne reaetion monitored via FT-IR spectroscopy (Chan et ai, 2009a). DMPA 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone. (Reprinted with permission from J.W. Chan, C.E. Hoyle and A.B. Lowe, Sequential phosphine-eatalyzed, nucleophilic thiol-ene/radical-mediated thiol-yne reactions and the facile orthogonal synthesis of polyfunctional materials, Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131, 16, 5751-5753, 2009. 2009 American Chemical Society.)... 

Chan, J.W., Hoyle, C.E., and Lowe, A.B. (2009a) Sequential phosphine-catalyzed, nucleophiUc thiol-ene/radical-mediated thiol-yne reactions and the facile orthogonal synthesis of polyfimctional materials. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 131,5751. 

Killops, K.L., Campos, L.M., and Hawker, C.J. (2008) Robust, efficient, and orthogonal synthesis of dendrimers via thiol-ene click chemistry. Journal of the American Chemical Society, 130,5062. 

The characteristic scale can be defined as the size of the largest Rayleigh vortex which can be obtained by velocity vector measurement as shown in Fig. 8.40. The characteristic scale L can be decompounded into Lu.x, Ai,y and Tv,y. where the first subscript is the m or v velocity components and the second subscript means along the. r or y coordinates [33]. Finally, L can be calculated by orthogonal synthesis of Lu,x. Tv,x. Ai,y and L y. The time-space averaged characteristic scale Lavg is obtained under different Ra and Rcq as shown in Fig. 8.43. 

To overcome these drawbacks, new user- and environmentally friendly synthetic approaches have been reported, including cUck chemistry (Arseneault et al., 2015), Lego chemistry (Maraval et al., 2003), and accelerated (Walter and Malkoch, 2012) and orthogonal synthesis strategies (Brauge et al., 2001), which resulted in higher reaction efficiency and step number reduction. 

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