Organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials

Sayari, A. Hamoudi, S. 2001. Periodic mesoporous silica-based organic—inorganic nanocomposite materials. Chem. Mater. 13 3151-3168. 

A. Sayari and S. Hamoudi, Periodic Mesoporous Silica-Based Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Materials, Chem. Mater., 2001, 13, 3151. 

Special Issue on Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Materials Eckert. H., Ward, M.. Eds. Chem. Mater. 200%.13 (10). 

Recently, gas sensors based on organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials have also been investigated [196,317], The gas-sensing properties of the PANI/Ti02 thin film to NH3 and CO indicated that PANI/Ti02 thin film was an excellent candidate for NH3 detection, but not for the fabrication of a CO gas sensor [276], CdSe/PMMA nanocomposites have been also used as a chemical sensor for detection of aromatic hydrocarbons [196],... 

Nam et al. [26] used organic-inorganic nanocomposite material like Nafion/ poly(phenyhnethyl silsequioxane, PPSQ). Incorporation of PPSQ improved initial degradation temperature of Nafion membrane and increased the crystallinity of the recast composite membrane. The membrane was reported to have lower methanol permeability as compared with bare Nafion due to interruption of organic filler. 

G6mez-Romero P, Chojak M, Cuentas-Gallegos K, Asensio JA, Kulesza PJ, Casan-Pastor N et al (2003) Hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposite materials for application in solid state electrochemical supercapacitors. Electrochem Common 5 149-153... 

Sanches, C., Ribot, F. and Lebeau, B. (1999) Molecular design of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites synthesized via sol-gel chemistry. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 9, 35—44. 

Sanchez, C., Julian, B., Belleville, P. and Popall, M. (2005) Applications of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 15, 3559-3592. 

Sanchez, C., Lebeau, B., Chaput, F. and Boilot, J.P. (2003) Optical properties of functional hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites. Advanced Materials, 15, 1969-1994. 

As shown, for instance, by the lack of any sol-gel catalyst cited in a recent, thorough review covering tens of industrial applications of sol-gel hybrid materials C. Sanchez, B. Julian, P. Belleville and M. Popall, Applications of hybrid organic-inorganic nanocomposites, J. Mater. Chem., 2005, 15, 3559. 

Silica hydrolysis-condensation of alkoxysilane-terminated chains of various polymers (PB, poly(propylene)-glycol, poly (ethylene)-glycol) leads to the formation of silica nodules. Hybrid (organic-inorganic) nanocomposite rubbery materials are obtained in this way. These materials have been swollen by various deuterated solvents, in order to probe the order induced in the polymer matrix under stress [80]. 

Thus the sol-gel methodology is an alternative to classical thermodynamic routes for the synthesis of solids. It is also evident that the preparation of the solids through Chimie Douce bridges molecular chemistry and solid state chemistry. This chapter will be focused on material prepared by the sol-gel process, where an organic part is associated with a silica or siloxane Si—O—Si network. Two types of organic-inorganic hybrid materials can be prepared by the sol-gel process and are completely different the nanocomposites and the nanostructured hybrid materials6-9. 

L. Chazeau, C. Gauthier, G. Vigier and J.-Y Cavaille, "Relationships between microstructural aspects and mechanical properties in polymer based nanocomposites", in H.S. Nalwa, ed., Handbook of Organic-Inorganic Hybrid Materials and Nanocomposites, American Scientific Publishers, 2003. 

Traditionally, nanocomposite materials have been developed using solution based (sol-gel) or by sputtering. It was not possible to deposit organic-inorganic nanocomposites by... 

Intercalation of organic molecules into layered host lattice produces a variety of organic-inorganic hybrid materials. The solvothermal method provides a reaction system that allows application of high temperatures and therefore is a powerful technique for preparation of intercalation compounds. Exfoliation of layers may occur because of applied high temperatures. For example, exfoliated poly-ethylene/montmoriUonite nanocomposites were reported to be prepared by solvothermal reaction of organophilic montmorillonite with polyethylene in toluene at 170°C for 2... 

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