Organic compounds grouped

Partitioning of Organic Compounds. Groups of compounds, such as hydrocarbons and chlorinated hydrocarbons, have different k s. For example, each class of hydrocarbons (alkanes, alkenes, cycloalkanes, and aromatics) have different k s. The alkanes partition 95+% into the gas when equal volumes of gas and water are equilibrated. For this reason two, or at most three, equilibrations will transfer all the alkanes present into the gas phase. Thus, it is more accurate and convenient merely to sum the concentrations found in the successive gas phases rather than back-extrapolate. If 5% accuracy is adequate for analysis of alkanes, a single equilibration is sufficient. Two or three equilibrations are also adequate for alkenes and cycloalkanes. 

TABLE 3—Basic organic compound groups for crude oils. 

A Review of Classes of Organic Compounds Grouped According to Their Solubility Characteristics, and a Review of Classification Reactions ... 

Typical organic acids contain the --C(0)0H group, but many other acid groupings, e.g. the sulphonic -S(0)20H give acidic properties to organic compounds. Phenols have acidic properties and are classified with enols as pseudo-acids. 

Lydersen, A.L. (1955), Estimation of critical properties of organic compounds by the method of group contributions . Uniu. Wisconsin Coll., Eng. Exp. Stn. report No. 4, Madison, Wl. 

There are a total of eighteen different hydrocarbon series, of which the most common constituents of crude oil have been presented - the alkanes, cycloalkanes, and the arenes. The more recent classifications of hydrocarbons are based on a division of the hydrocarbons in three main groups alkanes, naphthanes and aromatics, along with the organic compounds containing the non-hydrocarbon atoms of sulphur, nitrogen and oxygen. 

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