Organic chemicals, bioconcentration

Thus a fundamental difference exists between the processes of bioconcentration and biomagnification of hydrophobic organic chemicals. Bioconcentration results from the chemical s inherent tendency to thermodynamically partition between the water and the organism, approaching a situation where the activity (and fugacity) of the chemical in the... 

Gobas, F.A.P.C. and D. Mackay. 1987. Dynamics of Hydrophobic Organic Chemical Bioconcentration in Fish. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 6 495-504. 

Geyer, H., Scheunert, I., Briiggemann, R., Steinberg, C., Korte, F., Kettrup, A. (1991) QSAR for organic chemical bioconcentration in daphnia, algae, and mussels. Sci. Total Environ. 109/110, 387-394. 

Neely WB, Branson DR, Blau GE. 1974. Partition coefficients to measure bioconcentration potential of organic chemicals in fish. Environmental Science and Technology 8 1113-1115. 

Veith GD, Macek KJ, Petrocelli SR, et al. 1980. An evaluation of using partition coefficients and water solubility to estimate bioconcentration factors for organic chemicals in fish. In Eaton JG, Parrish PR,... 

The bioconcentration factor, although usually related to fish is actually an estimate of the bioaccumulation potential for biota in general. Different organisms may bioconcentrate a given chemical to a lesser or greater degree, however with different chemicals, the relative ranking with respect to bioconcentration will be essentially the same for all species. 

EPIsuite estimate among other Xow, K00, KOM Henry s Law constant, [27] melting and boiling points, aerobic and anaerobic biodegradability of organic chemicals, biodegradation of half-life of hydrocarbons, and bioconcentration factors... 

Bacci E, Calamari D, Gaggi C, et al. 1990a. Bioconcentration of organic chemical vapors in plant leaves Experimental measurements and correlation. Environ Sci Technol 24 885-889. 

Barron, M.G. 1990, Bioconcentration Will water-borne organic chemicals accumulate in aquatic organisms. Environ. Sci. Technol. 24 1612-1618. 

Salto, S., Tanone, A., and Matsuo, M. Applicability of i/o-characters to a quantitative description of bioconcentration of organic chemicals in fish, Chemosphere, 24(l) 81-87, 1992. 

Veith, G.D., Macek, K.J., Petrocelli, S.R., and Carroll, J. An evaluation of using partition coefficients and water solubility to estimate bioconcentration factors for organic chemicals in fish, in Aquatic Toxicology, ASTMSTP 707, Eaton, J.G., Parrish, P.R., and Hendricks, A.C., Eds. (Philadelphia, PA American Society for Testing and Materials, 1980), pp. 116-129. 

Bioconcentration Factor in Aquatic Organisms. The bioconcentration factor (BCE) indicates the degree to which a chemical may accumulate in aquatic organisms, such as fish, clams, and zooplankton. It is given by the equation... 

In most cases we can assume that the equilibrium distribution and partitioning of organic chemicals in both mammalian and nonmammalian systems is a function of lipid content in the animal and that the lipid-water partition coefficient (AW) is equal to K0w Instances where this is not the case include specific binding sites (e.g., kepone in the liver) and nonequilibrium conditions caused by slow elimination rates of higher level organisms or structured lipid phases that sterically hinder accumulation of very hydrophobic chemicals. For aquatic organisms in constant contact with water, the bioconcentration factor or fish-water partition coefficient (AW) s simply ... 

Bacci, E., M.J. Cerejeira, C. Gaggi, G. Chemello, D. Calamari, and M. Vighi- 1990. Bioconcentration of Organic Chemical Vapours in Plant Leaves The Azalea Model. Chemosphere 21, 525-535. 

This chapter summarizes the current state of knowledge about the bioaccumulation, bioconcentration, and biomagnification of hydrophobic organic chemicals in aquatic organisms, including an overview of ... 

The process in which the chemical concentration in an aquatic organism exceeds that in water as a result of exposure to waterborne chemical. Bioconcentration refers to a condition, usually achieved under laboratory conditions, where the chemical is absorbed only from the water via the respiratory surface (e.g., gills) and/or the skin. 

This factor is applied to bioconcentration factors to account for chemical biomagnification and bioaccumulation in the food web. The US-EPA uses it to derive bioaccumulation factors of very hydrophobic organic chemicals. 

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