Oral solids definitions

After mentioning the relevant definitions this chapter firstly discusses the assessment of prescriptions for oral liquids, especially if inadequacy of the corresponding oral solid is the reason for the request. Also the choice between solutions and suspensions should be made carefully. 

Erosion is defined as the loss of hard tissue by chemical means not derived from bacteria, i.e. the dissolution of hard tissue by acid where the acid source is not the oral bacteria [5], Erosion may be caused by either intrinsic (e.g. stomach acid) or extrinsic (e.g. dietary) sources. Erosion is often associated with the consumption of acid products, such as fruits or acid beverages, or with medical conditions where reflux of acidic into the oral cavity is present. Interestingly, the term erosion is widely used in other fields where the definition is rather different. For example, in the field of tribology, erosion refers to the loss of material from a surface by solid or liquid impacts [6], In the classical tribological definitions, the mechanism dentists refer to as erosion would be described as corrosion, or tribo-chemical wear. 

Complex is a colorless, amorphous solid, no definite mp, decompn starting at 20CPC uv max (water pH 7) 258 nm (E J 60k Sol in water, methanol, DMF less so] in ethanol, propanol slightly sol in ethet, ethyl acetate. Insol in banz-ene, chloroform. Stable in neutral aq and methanolic solns slowly decomp in acid and alkaline solns- LDM in mice (mg/kg) > 2000 orally, s,c. and i.p. 1400 Lv, (Lindner,... 

Hole The definition given here comprises all types of liver extracts and does not differentiate between oral, injectable crude and injectable refined forms, or between solids and solns. 

Definition PEG ether of cetyl alcohol and oleyl alcohol Formula R0(CFl2CFl20) FI, R = cetyl/oleyl and n = 2-55 Properties Pale yel. to wh. paste or solid nonionic Toxicology LD50 (IP, rat) 490 mg/kg TDLo (oral, rat, 12 wks continuous) 42 g/kg may cause vascular, blood, and metabolism changes Uses Emulsifier for hydrocarbon oils, waxes antistat for textile spin finishes... 

Definition Ester of cetyl alcohol and lactic acid Empirical C19H38O3 Formula CH3CHOHCOO(CH2)i5CH3 Properties Waxy solid sol. in oil, ethanol, I PM, oleyl alcohol partly sol. in water, propylene glycol m.w. 314.49 m.p. 41 C b.p. 132 C (0.1 mm), 170 C (1 mm) ref. index 1.4410 nonionic Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) > 20 ml/kg no known toxicity nonirritating to eyes and skin TSCA listed... 

Definition Obtained by treating cobaltous hydroxide with naphthenic acid Properties Brn. amorphous powd. or bluish-red solid sol. in oxygenated soivs., oil, alcohol, ether insol. in water dens. 0.95 flash pt. 120 F autoignition temp. 529 F contains 6% Co Toxicology TWA 0.1 mg(Co)/m (fume, dust) LD50 (oral, rat) 3900 mg/kg mod. toxic by ing. TSCA listed... 

Definition Oil derived from Guaiacum officinale Properties Yel.-bm. solid or paste dry woody spicey sweet pepper odor sp.gr. 0.960 m.p. 40-50 C flash pt. > 110 C ref. index 1.502 (20 C) Toxicology LD50 (oral, rat) > 5 g/kg, (skin, rabbit) > 5 g/kg skin irritant may be harmful by inh., ing., skin absorp. may be irritating to eyes, mucous membranes, upper respiratory tract TSCA listed... 

Definition Purified portion of the bile of an ox Empirical C24H3gNa05 Properties YIsh.-green soft solid, partly sweet/partly bitter disagreeable taste m.w. 430.57 Toxicology LD50 (oral, mouse) 2400 mg/kg, (IP, mouse) 164 mg/kg, (IV, mouse) 200 mg/kg poison by IP and IV routes mod. toxic by ing. TSCA listed... 

Classification Primary aliphatic amine Definition Primary aliphatic amine of palmitic acid Empirical C16H35N Formula CH3(CH2)i4CH2NH2 Properties Wh. solid char, amine odor m.w. 241.52 m.p. 39 C cationic Toxicology LD50 (IP, mouse) 200 mg/kg TDLo (oral, mouse) 40 mg/kg poison by IP route experimental teratogen and reproductive effects TSCA listed... 

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