Optical Simulations

When performing optical simulations of laser beam propagation, using either the modal representation presented before, or fast Fourier transform algorithms, the available number of modes, or complex exponentials, is not inhnite, and this imposes a frequency cutoff in the simulations. All defects with frequencies larger than this cutoff frequency are not represented in the simulations, and their effects must be represented by scalar parameters. 

Some conclusions that emerged in 1978 from the optical simulation study were as follows these could only be tested by (future) STM studies ... 

From a practical perspective, determining the time elapsed since the solid was at high temperature by thermoluminescence or optically simulated luminescence requires four successive stages ... 

The -propagated approach is much more common in nonlinear optics simulations based on envelope equations, often related to NLS. The time-propagated approach is on the other hand common for solvers based on direct integration of Maxwell s equations. 

Finally, as it is not possible to experimentally test all the various kinds of surface textures within actual solar cell configurations, it can be useful to use numerical simulations, in order to evaluate the best combination of surface textures and roughness for both front and back TOO layers. The method usually applied for such simulations is to take the main optical properties of each layer of the solar cell (absorption, thickness, haze factor, ADF, surface roughness,. ..), and then to put them all together in order to compute the quantum efficiency curve of the resulting solar cell. Such a task of optically simulating solar cells is very complex and beyond the scope of the present chapter. However, it is important to note here that a numerical simulation is always only an imperfect tool and can in no way fully replace experimental work and measurements on actual solar cells. 

M. Katyiar, J.R. Abelson Methods to enhance absorption signals in infrared reflectance spectroscopy A comparison using optical simulations. J. Vac. Sci. Technol. A 13, 2005 (1995)... 

This system illustrates a simple case in which quantum entanglement between qubits results directly into distinguishability of the ways. Thus, we think that the SQDS can be useful in the design of an experiment leading to the demonstration of the Englerts duality relation. An optical simulation of the SQDS can be obtained with the correspondence given in [13]. 

AppeUians, A.D., Dahl, D.A., SIMION optics simulations at atmospheric pressure. Int. 

Bert T, Smet HD, Beunis F, Neyts K (2006) Complete electrical and optical simulation of electronic paper. Displays 27 50-55... 

Lambin, R. Mairesse and M. Mathot, "Revealing the Backbone Structure of /S-DNAfrom Laser Optical Simulations of Its X-Ray Difliaction Diagram," /. Chetn. Educ., fol. 76,1999, 378-383. 

The molecular orientational states of SSFLCs are classified by the optical viewing conditions and the relationship between the directions of bend of the layer structure and the surface pretilt angle. The molecular orientational models of the states have been considered and illustrated with regard to the experimental results, and useful information has been obtained from optical simulations using the models. The influence of the surface pretilt angle on the orientational and the optical properties of SSFLCs has been described. 

The molecular orientational states of the SSFLCs have been analyzed by polarizing microspectroscopy and optical simulation. The X-ray studies indicated that the chevron layer structure is determined by the bulk properties of the FLC, but the molecular orientation in the smectic layer is strongly influenced by the surface properties. The effect of surface pretilt angle on the molecular orientation and the optical properties of SSFLCs have been studied by the optical simulation based on the molecular orientational models. 

Abstract We review the methods used to simulate the optoelectronic response of organic solar cells and focus on the application of one-dimensional drift-diffusion simulations. We discuss how the important physical processes are treated and review some of the experiments necessary to determine the input parameters for device simulations. To illustrate the usefulness of drift-diffusion simulations, we discuss several case studies, addressing the influence of charged defects on transport in bipolar and unipolar devices, the influence of defects on recombination, device performance and ideality factors. To illustrate frequency domain simulations, we show how to determine the validity range of Mott-Schottky plots for thin devices. Finally, we discuss an example where optical simulations are used to calculate the parasitic absorption in contact layers. 

Pieters BE, Decock K, Burgebnan M, Stangl R, Kirchartz T (2011) One-dimensional electro-optical simulations of thin-fibn solar cells, hi Abou-Ras D, Kirchartz T, Ran U (eds) Advanced characterization techniques for thin fibn solar cells. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH... 

From these days, the optical simulation of complex optical compensation films for designing high-quality displays became essential [75]. In the similar way, the design of the electrode slits and protrusions used in the pixel division method in the vertical alignment (VA) mode has been carried out by continuum simulation [76]. 

To explore the origin of the improved performance, several characterizations including optical simulation, electrical transport performance, and film morphology have been investigated. Simulation results demonstrate that NR 18 generates a similar electric field intensity with NR 11 at... 

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