Optical properties photoelectrochemical cell

Studies include wet-cell photoelectrochemical measurements (42,60,72,90), STM measurements on single MS particles in thin films (55,56,81), and conductivity measurements of metal chalcogenides in LB films (20,21,23). Many such studies are driven by the search for cheaper methods and materials for the fabrication of semiconductors suitable for photoelectrochemical devices. Moreover, the ability to tune optical properties via the Q-state effect and the versatility of LB fabrication make the LB films an attractive medium for semiconductor production. The photo-... 

Surface treatments of CD CdSe films deposited from selenosulphate/NTA solutions have a pronounced effect on various optical, electrical, and optoelectronic properties of the films, due to interaction with or modification of such surface states. Mild etching (dilute HCl) of the films reverses the direction of current flow both in CdSe/polysulphide photoelectrochemical cells [108] and in Kelvin probe surface photovoltage (SPV) measurements in air [109], These studies are discussed in more detail in Chapter 9, in Section 9.2 on photoelectrochemical cells. At this point, it is sufficient to state that the effect is believed to be due to preferential trapping of either electrons or holes at surface states that are modified by the etching process. 

The concept of using heteropolyacids in the chemical bath was developed during the 1990s for deposition of CdSe, Sb2S3, CdS, CdTe, etc. The effect of heteropolyacids on the physical, optical, and electrical properties of the films was determined. Their performance in photoelectrochemical, Schottky barrier, and heteroj unchon solar cells has been investigated. 

The combination of favorable properties of PANI and TiO opens the possibility for various applications of PANI/TiO nanocomposite materials, such as piezoresistivity devices [41], electrochromic devices [99,118], photoelectrochemical devices [43,76], photovoltaic devices/solar cells [44,50,60,61,93,119], optoelectronic devices/UV detectors [115], catalysts [80], photocatalysts [52,63,74,75,78,84,87,97,104,107,121,122,125], photoelectrocatalysts [122,123], sensors [56,61,65,69,85,86,95,120,124], photoelectrochemical [110] and microbial fuel cells [71], supercapacitors [90,92,100,109,111], anode materials for lithium-ion batteries [101,102], materials for corrosion protection [82,113], microwave absorption materials [77,87,89], and electrorheological fluids [105,106]. In comparison with PANI, the covalently bonded PANI/TiO hybrids showed significant enhancement in optical contrast and coloration efficiency [99]. It was observed that the TiO nanodomains covalently bonded to PANI can act as electron acceptors, reducing the oxidation potential and band gap of PANI, thus improving the long-term electrochromic stability [99]. Colloidal... 

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