Oligonucleotides, detection

Dill, K., Ghindilis, A., and Schwarzkopf, K. 2006. Multiplexed analyte and oligonucleotide detection on microarrays using several redox enzymes in conjunction with electrochemical detection. Lab on a Chip 6(8) 1052-1055. 

R. a. Reynolds C. A. Mirkin R. L. Letsinger, a gold nanoparticle/latex microsphere-based colorimetric oligonucleotide detection method. 

Fig. 4. In vitro Rep75 activities. Results of nicking, nicking-closing, and NTT tests were run on a polyacrylamide gel and autoradiographed. The radiolabeled oligonucleotides, used as substrates, are indicated on the upper part. The oligonucleotides detectable on the gel are indicated on the sides of the figure. M, markers.

Use of nanorods as labels for electrochemical detection of DNA was first reported by Wang and coworkers [41]. In this work conical indium/gold nanorods, approximately 3 to 5 /xm in length, were synthesized via sequential electrodeposition of Au and indium into alumina membranes. Following synthesis, the alumina template was dissolved in 3 M NaOH yielding free nanorods (Fig. 14.8B). These rods were then modified with thiolated oligonucleotide detection probes, complementary to a portion of the target DNA, via... 

Schmidt T 1998 Detection of individual oligonucleotide pairing by single-molecule microscopy Ana/. Chem. 71 279-83... 

The unmodified and complementary oligonucleotides were also synthesized, in order to detect thermodynamic and spectroscopic differences between the double helices. Circular dichroism spectra revealed that the covalently bound anthracene does not stack in the centre of the DNA double helix. Mutagenic activity by intercalative binding of the anthracene residue is thus unlikely. Only in vitro and in vivo replication experiments with site-specifically modified... 

Moreover, disposable electrochemical sensors for the detection of a specific sequence of DNA were realised by immobilising synthetic single-stranded oligonucleotides onto a graphite or a gold screen-printed electrode. Tire probes became hybridised with different concentrations of complementary sequences present in the sample. 

This substantial group was developed as a fluorescent, acid-labile protective group for oligonucleotide synthesis. It has properties very similar to those of the DMTr group except that it can be detected down to 10 M on TLC plates with 360-nm ultraviolet light. 

The Dnseoc group was developed as a base-labile protective group for the 5 -hydroxyl in oligonucleotide synthesis. It is cleaved with DBU in aprotic solvents. The condensation of oligonucleotide synthesis can be monitored by UV detection at 350 nm or by fluorescence at 530 nm of the liberated vinylsulfone. ... 

Desoxyadenosine oligonucleotides la 76 Desoxycholic acid la 334 11-Desoxycorticosterone la 221 lb 346 Detection, group-specific la 4,7 -, substance specific la 4,7 Detection of lipqjhilic substances la 43 -, biological-physiologically la4,6,7, 9,109... 

While many diseases have long been known to result from alterations in an individual s DNA, tools for the detection of genetic mutations have only recently become widely available. These techniques rely upon the catalytic efficiency and specificity of enzyme catalysts. For example, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) relies upon the ability of enzymes to serve as catalytic amplifiers to analyze the DNA present in biologic and forensic samples. In the PCR technique, a thermostable DNA polymerase, directed by appropriate oligonucleotide primers, produces thousands of copies of a sample of DNA that was present initially at levels too low for direct detection. 

The second NIST human DNA SRM is a PCR-based DNA Profiling Standard. The PCR was first described by Saiki et al. (1985,1989). Since then it has developed into a highly versatile and widely used detection, identification, manipulation and analysis tool in molecular biology, including DNA profiling. In brief, two short synthetic oligonucleotides, or primers, are used to define an intervening DNA sequence... 

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