Olefins flash points

Physical Form. JP-4 is a colorless to straw-colored liquid with the odor of gasoline and/or kerosene. JP-7 is a liquid, usually colorless and with the odor of kerosene. JP-4 can be made by refining either crude petroleum oil or shale oil. It is called a wide cut fuel because it is produced from a broad distillation temperature range and contains a wide array of carbon chain lengths, from 4- to 16. It consists of approximately 13% (v/v) aromatic hydrocarbons, 1.0% olefins, and 86% saturated hydrocarbons. JP-7 is made by refining kerosene, a product of refined crude petroleum. It was developed for use in advanced supersonic jets because of its thermal stability and high flash point. ... 

Handling. The main hazard associated with these olefins, especially the lighter homologues, is their low flash point. Although no special precautions are necessary with regard to fire extinguishing, these olefin... 

Jet fuel JP-8 (jet propellant-8) is a kerosene-based distillate selected by the U.S. Air Force to replace JP-4 and other predecessors, which were replaced because JP-8 has a higher flash point, is composed of higher chain hydrocarbons, and does not contain benzene. Profiles for JP-8 list the following classes of compounds exclusive of additives alkanes (43% by weight) cycloalkanes (11%) alkylbenzenes (12%) naphthalenes (2%) and dicycloparaffins, tetralins, and olefins (% not specified) (USAF 1991). A more detailed list of hydrocarbon components is given in Table A-l. 

Flammable liquid flash point (open cup) 20°C (68°F) vapor density 2.9 (air = 1) flashback fire hazard forms explosive mixtures with air forms explosive peroxides degree of reactivity due to olefinic unsaturation in the molecule certain additive reactions can be exothermic... 

DIN 53169, Solvents Lot paints and varnishes determination of density, refractive index, flash point, acid value, saponification value, olefinic and aromatic cmitent in hydrocarbons, 1991. 

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