Oils from microalgae

Andrich, G., A. Zinnai, U. Nesti, and F. Venturi. 2006. Supercritical Fluid Extraction of Oil from Microalga Spirulina (Arthrospira) Platensis. Acta Alimentaria 35 (2) 195-203. 

Kyle, D.J.1991. Specialty oils from microalgae new perspectives, in Rattray, J. (ed). Biotechnology of Plant Fats and Oils, American Oil Chemists Society, Champaign, ppl30-143. 

Cooney M, Young G, Nagle N. Extraction of bio-oils from microalgae. Sep Purif Rev 2009 38 291-325. 

Haagenson DM, Brudvik RL, Lin H, Wiesenbom DP (2010) Implementing an in situ alkaline transesterification method for canola biodiesel quality screening. J Am Oil Chem Soc 87 (11) 1351-1358. doi 10.1007/s 11746-010-1607-9 Halim R, Danquah MK, Webley PA (2012) Extraction of oil from microalgae for biodiesel production a review. Biotechnol Adv 30(3) 709-732. doi 10.1016/j.biotechadv.2012.01.001 Hawkins RL (1999) Utilization of xylose for growth by the eukaryotic alga, Chlorella. Curr Microbiol 38(6) 360-363... 

Oyler, J.R., 2013. Two-Stage Process for Producing Oil from Microalgae. Google Patents. 

The HHVs for bio-oils from mosses 21.5-24.8 MJ/kg and the HHVs for biooils from alga and microalga 32.5 and 39.7 MJ/kg, respectively, were obtained by pyrolysis at temperatures ranging from 775 to 825 K. In general, algae bio-oils are higher quality than bio-oils from mosses. 

Belarbi, E. H., Molina, E., and Chisti, Y. 2000. A process for high yield and scaleable recovery of high purity eicosapentaenoic acid esters from microalgae and fish oil. Proc. Biochem.,35, 951-969. 

The results of this study indicate that it is technically feasible to extract oils from the microalgae Skeletonema costatum and Ochromonas danica by SC CO. ... 

Mercer P, Armenia RE. Developments in oil extraction from microalgae. Eur J Lipid Sci Technol 2011 113 539. 

Halim, R., B. Gladman, M. K. Danquah, and P. A. Webley. 2011. Oil Extraction from Microalgae for Biodiesel Production. Bioresource Technology 102 178—185. 

Generally, microalgae lipids include nentral lipids, polar lipids, wax esters, sterols, and hydrocarbons, as well as phenyl derivatives (Naik et al, 2010). For biodiesel prodnction, natural lipids, which are nonpolar, are always targeted. Typically, most of the lipids produced from microalgae strains that have been tested for biodiesel prodnction have fatty acid constitutions similar to most common vegetable oils (Becker, 2004 Huang et al., 2012), as shown in Table 6.1. 

Li, L., W. Du, D. Liu, L. Wang, and Z. Li. 2006. Lipase-Catalyzed Transesterification of Rapeseed Oils for Biodiesel Production with a Novel Organic Solvent as the Reaction Medium. Journal of Molecular Catalysis B Enzymatic 43 (l-4) 58-62 Li, X., H. Xu, and Q. Wu. 2007. Large-Scale Biodiesel Production from Microalga Chlorella Protothecoides through Heterotrophic Cultivation in Bioreactors. Biotechnology and Bioengineering 98 (4) 764-771. 

Kyle, D. (19 ) Production and use of lipids from microalgae. Lipid Technol. 4, 59-64. Kyle, D.J. and Ratledge, C. (1992) Industrial Applications of Single Cell Oils., American Oil Chemists Society, Chicago, IL. 

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