Of Polygonum

Midiwo, J.O. et al., Elavonoids of Polygonum senegalense. Part II. More surface and internal tissue flavonoid aglycones. Bull. Chem. Soc. Ethiop., 6, 119, 1992. 

Yaga, A. et al., Antioxidative sulphated flavonoids in leaves of Polygonum hydropiper. Phytochemistry, 35, 885, 1994. 

Stilbenes are naturally occurring phytoalexins found in medicinal plants of Polygonum species and Rheum species (Polygonaceae) [10,11]. Among... 

Fig. 30. Stilbenes isolated from the roots of Polygonum species...

Studies on the antifungal substance of crude drugs (II). On the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb.et Zucc. (Polygonaceae). Shouyakugaku Zasshi, 1981, 35, 58-64. 

Arichi, S. Effects of stilbene componets of the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum Sieb. Et. Zucc. On lipid metabolism. Chem. Pharm. Bull. 1982, 30, 1766-1770. 

Arichi, S. Effects of stilbene components of roots of Polygonum species on liver injury in peroxizied oil-fed rats. Planta Med. 1983,49, 51-54. 

Duwiejua, M., Zeitlin, I.J., Waterman, P.G., and Gray, A.I., Anti-inflammatory activity of Polygonum bistorta, Guaiacum officinale, and Hamamelis virginiana in rats, /. Pharm. Pharmacol., 46, 286, 1994. 

Purohit, M.C., Antibacterial activity of the rhizome of Polygonum amplexicaulli, Fitoterapia, 66, 372, 1995. 

Yagi, A., Uemura, T., Okamura, N., Haraguchi, H., Imoto, T., and Hashimoto, K., Antioxidative sulphated flavonoids in leaves of Polygonum hydropiper, Phytochemistry, 35, 885, 1994. 

Fukuyama, Y., Sato, T., Miura, I., Asakawa, Y., and Takemoto, T., Hydropiperoside, a novel coumaryl glycoside from the root of Polygonum hydropiper, Phytochemistry, 22, 549,1983. 

Vastano BC, Chen Y, Zhu N, Ho C-T, Zhou Z, Rosen RT. 2000. Isolation and identification of stilbenes in two varieties of Polygonum cuspidatum. J Agric Food Chem 48 253-256. 

Keiller DR, Holmes MG (2001) Effects of long-term exposure to elevated UV-B radiation on the photosynthetic performance of five broad-leaved tree species. Photosynth Res 67 229-240 Kogami H, Hanba YT, Kibe T, Terashima I, Masuzawa T (2001) C02 transfer conductance, leaf structure and carbon isotope composition of Polygonum cuspidatum leaves from low and high altitudes. Plant Cell Environ 24 529-538... 

During distillation of the spice, a number of transformations may occur in the composition of the volatile oil. Small quantities of p-cymene may be produced as an artefact, linalyl acetate and some other esters may be hydrolysed and d-linalool may rearrange to its optically inactive isomer geraniol. Potter et al. (1993) found structural similarity in the compounds of Polygonum odoratum to that of C. sativum. 

Grech JN, Li Q, Roufogalis BD, Duck CC. Novel Ca(2+)-ATPase inhibitors from the dried root tubers of Polygonum multiflorum. 1 Nat Prod 1994 57(12) 1682-7. 

Table 4. Effects of stilbene glucoside isolated from the roots of Polygonum species on serum transaminases (glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) and glutamic pyruvic transaminase (GPT) in rats fed peroxidized com oil for 2 weeks...

Emodin (l,6,8-trihydroxy-3-methylanthraquinone), the active principle of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae), was reported to be an inhibitor of the p56 -PTK activity from bovine thymus, with an IC50 of 18.5 pM. When the hydroxyl functions at C-6 or C-8 were blocked by methylation or glycosylation, respectively, the effect disappeared. The inhibition was competitive with respect to ATP and non competitive with respect to the substrate [64]. In a bioassay-guided separation of the anthraquinones found in rhizomes of another Polygonaceae species, rhubarb Rheum... 

Some simple stilbenes isolated from the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum (Polygonaceae) showed moderate inhibitory activity of the bovine thymus P56 " tyrosine kinase activity, when angiotensin 1 was used as a substrate. The most potent were resveratrol (26) and its cis form obtained by photochemical isomerisation. Both compounds showed similar potency against rat brain PKC, whereas resveratrol monoglucosides were less active [81]. 

Polygodial was first isolated as a hot tasting substance from the sprout of Polygonum hydropiper (Polygonaceae) (24), which has been used in folk medicines and food spices in several Aslan countries including Japan and Vietnam. For example, the sprout of P. hydropiper is a well known relish for "sashimi" in Japan (25,26). Subsequently, warburganal was also isolated from the same source in minute amounts (27). In addition to these three antifungal sesquiterpene dialdehydes (1-3), a number of... 

A. Ohsu)ca, The structure of tadeonal and isotadeonal components of Polygonum hydropiper L, Nippon Kagaku Zasshi,... 

Maximol A (528) which had earlier been synthesized from the roots of Rheum maximowiczii, has now been confirmed as a natural product [241 and references therein]. Two dimeric stilbene glucosides (531, 532) have been isolated from the root of Polygonum cuspidatum. Compound 532... 

Also for painful, bloody urination, increase the dosage of Polygonum Avicularis and add Rhizoma Imperatae Cylindricae (Bai Mao Gen) and Herba Cephalanoplos (Xiao Ji). 

Recently, two glycosides of stilbene dimer named compound 1 (33) and compound 2 (34) were obtained from an aqueous extract of the roots of Polygonum cuspidatum. Among them, 34 was a new type of resveratrol dimer possessing a four-membered ring [21]. 

The same authors also undertook a search for the anti-inflammatory principles of Polygonum bistorta (Polygonaceae) and obtained positive results with friedelanol and glutin-3-one. Glutin-3-one induced 56% inhibition at 0.12 mmol/kg [66]. 

In contrast to compound 10, which occurs in the aerial parts of Polygonum species, the second section of this review deals with an almost... 

A comprehensive analysis detailing the research on the chemistry of the different classes of natural products from extracts of Polygonum plant species and their modes of action will be reported and the structure-activity relationships will be addressed wherever possible. In addition, the evaluations of bioactive compounds of Polygonum species will be discussed in terms of potential biological uses. 

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