Ocean observatory

Broecker WS (1965) An application of natural radon to problems in oceanic circulations. In Proceedings of the Symposium on Diffusion in the Oceans and Fresh Waters. Lamont Geological Observatory, New York, pp 116-145... 

The isotopic composition of radiogenic elements in 40 groups of oceanic islands has been compiled by Vincent Salters from the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory and is reported in Table 4.12. Find the minimum number of variables to explain at least 90 percent of the variance. Find the deviating islands. Plot the first three components pairwise. 

Table 5.9, compiled by Vincent Salters from the Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, lists 206Pb/204Pb data in basalts from different oceanic islands the... 

The effect of wind velocity on (a) thin-film thickness and (b) piston velocity. The solid line represents results obtained from measurements made in wind tunnels. In situ measurements were made from distributions of the naturally occurring radioisotopes of carbon and radon. Source From (a) Broecker, W. S., and T.-H. Peng (1982). Tracers in the Sea. Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, p. 128, and (b) Bigg, G. R. (1996). The Oceans and Climate. Cambridge University Press, p. 85. 

Orbiting Carbon Observatory Ocean Color Temperature Scanner Ozone Destroying Substance... 

Broecker, W.S. (1965) The application of natural radon to problems in ocean circulation. In Symposium on Diffusion in Oceans and Fresh Waters (ed. Ichiye, T.). Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, NY, pp. 116-145. 

The cumulative production of CO2 from fossil fuel use and cement manufacturing (less than 2% of the total) is shown in Figure 9.5. This production should have resulted in an increased atmospheric CO2 concentration since the late 1800 s of about 90 ppmv. The observed cumulative increase for the period 1958-1984, however, coupled with a value of 290 ppmv in 1860 (e.g., Baes et al., 1976), indicates that only about one-half of this production has remained in the atmosphere the remainder has been stored in the oceans and other sinks. The parallelism of the cumulative production curve and the observed increase in atmospheric CO2 concentration curve for the Mauna Loa Observatory data was one of the first hints that the increase in atmospheric CO2 recorded at the Observatory was due to fossil fuel burning. 

Takahashi T Broecker W.S., Bainbridge A.E. and Weiss R.F. (1980b) Carbonate Chemistry of the Atlantic, Pacific and Indian Oceans The Results of the GEOSECS Expeditions, 1972-1978. Technical Report No. 1, CV-1-80, Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory, Palisades, New York, 15 pp. 

Burns R. G. and Brown B. (1972) Nucleation and miner-alogical controls on the composition of manganese nodules. In Ferromanganese Deposits on the Ocean Floor (ed. D. R. Horn). Lamont-Doherty Geol. Observatory, New York, pp. 51-61. 

FIGURE 2.8 Past perspectives and present trends of atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations at the Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii, compared with the recent periods of high solar flux and ocean warming intervals. (Assembled from the data of Lepkowski [61], Kerr [62], and the extrapolated carbon dioxide concentration data of Keeling et al. [63].)... 

Fig. 7.3 Trends in inorganic carbon concentrations between 1989 and 2001. Above, atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations as measured at the Manoa Loa observatory. Data courtesy of the Carbon Dioxide Information Analysis Center, http //cdiac.ornl.gov/ndps/ndp001.html. Below mixed layer (0-50 m Karl Lukas, 1996) DIC concentrations, normalized to a salinity of 35 per mil, at station ALOHA. Data courtesy of D.M. Karl, The Hawaii Ocean Time-series (HOT), http //hahana.soest.hawaii.edu (Karl etal., 2001b).

Priede, I. G., Thompsen, L. et al. 2004. ESONET -European Sea Floor Observatory Network. Proceedings of the Oceans 04 Conference, Kobe, Japan 9-12 November 2004, 2155-2163. 

The primary application of early radiocarbon results was to estimate the flux of CO2 between the atmosphere and ocean and the average residence time in the ocean. Sufficient subsurface ocean measurements were made, primarily by W. Broecker (Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory LDEO) and H. Craig (Scripps Institution of Oceanography SIO), to recognize that radiocarbon had the potential to be an important tracer of deep ocean circulation and mixing rates. 

Late 1940s—Systematic mapping of deep ocean basins by Maurice Ewing at Lamont-Doherty Geological Observatory... 

Schrader PS, Doolan C, Reimers CE, Girguis PR, Wolf M, Green D. 2013. Sensors and acoustic modems powered by benthic microbial fuel cells at the MARS observatory. Oceans-IEEE. 

Let s take a closer look at the trends in carbon dioxide levels over the last 50 years. Figure 11.24 shows the variation in concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide from 1958 to 2010 as measured at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration s Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. Two trends are rapidly... 

Measured at National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration s Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii. The smooth black curve shows the overall annual concentrations, whereas the gray curve (and also in the inset) shows the annual, seasonal variation caused by the onset and end of the growing season with its photosynthetic uptake of... 

Seismic Noise, Fig. 1 STS-2 velocity broadband record of the 6 s secondary ocean microseisms at the Black Forest Observatory (BFO), Germany, superposed by high-... 

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