Occupational exposure standards

OES, OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE STANDARD (uk) The Concentration of an airborne substance (averaged over a reference period) at which, according to current knowledge, there is no evidence that it is likely to be injurious to employees if they are exposed by inhalation, day after day. (Specified by HSC in Guidance Note EH40.)... 

The Occupational Exposure Standards imposed for trichloroethylene are Maximum Exposure Limits of 100 ppm (8 hr TWA) and 150 ppm (15 minute reference period). A skin notation Sk is applicable because of the potential for skin absorption. Because of its volatility, trichloroethylene is not recommended for cold cleaning it is normally used in partially enclosed vapour degreasing equipment provided with local exhaust ventilation. 

Occupational exposure standards (OES) U.K, standards relating to the concentration of an airborne substance that can be tolerated without harmful effects on workers over a reference period. See Long term exposure limit (LTEL) and Short term exposure limit (STEL),... 

Neither propane nor butane is toxic, but they do possess anaesthetic properties. There is a threshold limiting value for LPG at 1000 ppm given as an occupational exposure standard in OSHA regulations, for an 8-hour time-weighted average. 

Mechanical ventilation See Powered ventilation. Natural ventilation A ventilation system in which air movement is produced through purpose-designed openings by natural forces (wind and thermal buoyancy). Occupational Exposure Standards OES) Limits of concentration of airborne toxic contaminants, listed by the Health and Safety Executive which are regarded as safe for prolonged exposure for 8 hours per day. 

Dilution of fumes in these areas is generally required for one of two reasons either to reduce the level of harmful (toxic or irritant) fumes to a safe level, normally below the OES (Occupational Exposure Standard) or to dilute offensive odors. Care must be taken with the latter to ensure that the problem is not merely passed on to neighbors. If it is, then a local extract with air-cleaning equipment will be preferred if it is practical. Indeed, a local extract system is always preferable, since it removes the problem at source, resulting in a cleaner environment within the building. 

OES, OCCUPATIONAL EXPOSURE STANDARD (uk) The Concentration of an airborne substance... 

In the UK (under the Control of Substances Hazardous to Health Regulations 1988) there are maximum exposure limits (MEL) and occupational exposure standards (OES) ... 

From the Control of Substances Hazardous toHealth (COSHH) Regulations (1988). OES, occupational exposure standard QAC, quaternary ammonium compound. 

Occupational Exposure Limit (OEL), 81, 82, 111 Occupational Exposure Standard (OES), 16, 112 Odour threshold, 16, 82, 118 Olefins, 35... 

In the UK a list of occupational exposure limits is published by the HSE in Guidance Note EH40, which is updated annually. There are two kinds of occupational exposure limits maximum exposure limits (MELs) and occupational exposure standards (OESs). For substances which have been assigned a MEL, the level of exposure should be reduced so far as is reasonably practicable and in any case should not exceed the MEL. For substances which have been assigned... 

Occupational Exposure Standard. See Occupational Exposure Limits. 

Occupational exposure standard (8 h daily, 40 h work week) in United States not to exceed in most European countries, Australia, and Japan 100-110 pg/L (0.25 mg/m3) 2, 4-6, 8... 

This small article reports that the UK Health Safety Executive has published its latest (and restructured) list of new occupational exposure standards. Some of the polymer additives which are mentioned in the list are highlighted. UK,HEALTH SAFETY EXECUTIVE... 

A revised list of maximum exposure limits (MEL), and occupational exposure standards (OES), has been approved by HSC with the exception of dichloromethane, which will remain a maximum exposure limit pending further discussions. Tabulated data are presented of changes to occupational exposure limits with details of new MELs, new OESs, revised OESs, and withdrawn OESs. EUROPEAN COMMUNITY EUROPEAN UNION UK WESTERN EUROPE... 

Such conditions with high carbon black levels would not occur under today s environment of carbon black production plants. Most of the carbon black producing countries have adopted the TLV (Threshold Limit Value) of USA of 3.5 mg/m3 [4.48]. Extensive sampling in a number of carbon black plants in Europe [4.49] provided the results that the occupational exposure standard (OES) for carbon black is 3.5 mg/m3 for an 8-hr TWA (time weighted average) and 7 mg/m3 for the shortterm exposure limit (STEL). 

The outcomes of the review are similar to those for new chemicals. However, existing chemicals may have health and environmental hazard classification being assigned and recommendation for either setting or revising an existing occupational exposure standard. 

Criteria Document Recommendations for an Occupational Exposure Standard for Coke Oven Emissions, U.S. Department of Health, Education, and Welfare, Public Health Service, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Report No. HSM 73-11016, 1973. 

Recommended Occupational Exposure Standard for Chromic Acid," DHEW (NIOSH), Pub. No. 73-11021. 

In the United Kingdom the Occupational Exposure Standards and Maximum Exposure Limits were replaced in 2005 by Workplace Exposure Limits and principles of good practice . The Occupational Exposure Standards and Maximum Exposure Limits were transferred to the new Workplace Exposure Limit system but those exposure limits for which there was insufficient evidence that they protect human health, were withdrawn (Walters and Grodzki 2006). 

Human exposure to JP-8 occurs during refueling and defueling operations and mechanical activities that deal with storage, transfer, and combustion. The most likely exposure of military personnel is via inhalation of aerosolized or vaporized fuel however, topical and oral exposures also are possible. Occupational exposure standards are based on knowledge of the toxicity of components of JP-8. Those few exposure values that are published suggest that human exposures were below ACGIH TWA threshold limit values for those chemicals. 

With the uncertainties involved in the designation of occupational exposure standards and the variability of the occupational environment, it would be unreasonable to interpret occupational limits as rigidly as one might interpret an engineering standard or specification. Fortunately, there has been a recent effort to make these rather subjective judgements more scientific and uniform by the application of statistics. The latter makes it possible to develop decisionmaking strategies that can prescribe how many samples to take, where and when to take them in the workplace, and how to interpret the results. 

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