Obsessive-compulsive disorder refractory

Weiss EL, Potenza MN, McDougle CJ, et al. Olanzapine addition in obsessive-compulsive disorder refractory to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors an open-label case series. J Clin Psychiatry 1999 60 524-527. 

Olanzapine was effective in an open trial in 10 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder refractory to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, who were given additional olanzapine they had minimal adverse effects, primarily sedation (27). 

Hollander E, Bienstock CA, Koran LM, et al. Refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder state-of-the-art treatment. J Clin Psychiatry 2002 63(Supplement 6) 20-29. 

Husted DS, Shapira NA. A review of the treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder from medicine to deep brain stimulation. CNS Spectr 2004 9 833-847. 

Jenike MA, Baer L, BaUantine T, Martuza RL, Tynes S, Giriunas 1, Buttolph ML, Cassem NH (1991) Cingulotomyfor refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. A long-term follow-up of 33 patients. Arch Gen Psychiatry 48 548-555 Kent JM, Mathew SJ, Gorman JM (2002) Molecular targets in the treatment of anxiety. Biol Psychiatry 52 1008-1030... 

McDougle CJ, Goodman WK, Leckman JF, Lee NC, Heninger GR, Price LH (1994) Haloperi-dol addition in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study in patients with and without tics. Arch Gen Psychiatry 51 302-308... 

McDougle, C.J., Epperson, C.N., Pelton, G.H., Wasylink, S., and Price, I.H. (2000) A double-blind, placebo-controlled study of risperidone addition in serotonin reuptake inhibitor-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry, 57 794-801. 

Bogetto, F, Bellino, S., Vaschetto, P., and Ziero, S. (2000) Olanzapine augmentation of fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) a 12-week open trial. Psychiatry Res 96 91-98. 

New Approaches to Treatment-Refractory Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder... 

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Husain MM, Lewis SF, Thornton WL Maintenance ECT for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder (letter). Am J Psychiatry 150 1899-1900, 1993 Hwang EC, Van Woert MH Antimyoclonic action of clonazepam the role of serotonin. Eur J Pharmacol 60 31-40, 1979... 

Joffe RT, Schuller DR An open study of buspirone augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in refractory depression. J Chn Psychiatry 54 269-271, 1993 Joffe RT, Singer W A comparison of triiodothyronine and thyroxine in the potentiation of tricyclic antidepressants. Psychiatry Res 32 241-251, 1990 Joffe RT, Swinson RP Carbamazepine in obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry 22 1169-1171, 1987... 

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Maletzky B, McFarland B, Burt A Refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder and ECT. Convulsive Therapy 10 1 34-42, 1994 Malgaroh A FTP expression hanging like a yo-yo Semin Cell Biol 5 231-241, 1994 Mahzia AL, Bridges PK The management of treatment-resistant affective disorder clinical perspectives. J Psychopharmacol 6 145-155, 1992... 

McDougle CJ, Price LH, Goodman WK, et al A controlled trial of lithium augmentation in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder lack of efficacy. J Clin Psychopharmacol 11 175-184, 1991... 

McDougle CJ, Fleischmann RL, Epperson CN, et al Risperidone addition in fluvoxamine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder three cases [see comments]. J Clin Psychiatry 56 526-528, 1995... 

Mindus P, Rasmussen SA, Dndquist C Neurosurgical treatment for refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder implications for understanding frontal lobe function. J Neuropsychiatry 6 467-477, 1994... 

Seedat S, Stein DJ. Inositol augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in treatment-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder an open trial. Int Clin Psychopharmacol 1999 14 353-356. 

Bystritsky A, et al. Augmentation of serotonin reuptake inhibitors in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder using adjunctive olanzapine a placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Psychiatry 2004 65(4) 565-568. 

Shapira NA, Ward HE, Mandoki M, Murphy TK, Yang MCK, Blier P, Goodman WK. A double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of olanzapine addition in fluoxetine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Biol Psychiatry 2004 55 553-5. 

D Amico G, Cedro C, Muscatello MR, Pandolfo G, Di Rosa AE, Zoccali R, La Torre D, D Arrigo C, Spina E. Olanzapine augmentation of paroxetine-refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2003 27 619-23. 

In a double-blind, placebo-controlled study of the addition of low-dose risperidone (mean dosage 2.2 mg/day) to a 5-HT re-uptake inhibitor in refractory obsessive-compulsive disorder in 70 adults, 18 of 20 risperidone-treated patients had at least one adverse effect (37). The adverse effects in both groups included sedation (n = 17 for risperidone, n = 8 for placebo), increased appetite (6 and 3), restlessness (6 and 6), and dry mouth (5 and 5). 

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