O antigens

Compared to bacterial cells, which are identical within a given cell type (except for O antigen variations), animal cells display a wondrous diversity of structure, constitution, and function. Although each animal cell contains, in its genetic material, the instructions to replicate the entire organism, each differentiated... 

Desiderio, J. V., and Campbell, S. G. (1985), Immunization against experimental murine salmonellosis with liposome-associated O-antigen. Inf. Inunun.. 48. 658-663. 

Deoxy-L-galactose (L-fucose) is common, and has only been found as the a- or )3-pyranoside. The rare D-fucose has, however, been found both as a-pyranoside, in the LPS frorn Pseudomonas cepacia serotypes B and E, and as a-furanoside, in the cell-wall antigen from Eubacterium saburreum L 452 and the O-antigens from different strains of Psuedomonas syrin-gae The a-furanoside, as in 3, has a cis relationship between the aglycon and OH-2. The corresponding P form has not yet been found. 6-Deoxy-o-and -L-talose are components of the extracellular polysaccharides from some strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and of the LPS from some strains of E. coli respectively. 

A group of 2,3-diamino-2,3-dideoxyhexuronic acids has been found in bacterial polysaccharides, mainly in different O-antigens from Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The D-gulo isomer (20) was first found in the O-antigen from P. aeruginosa 06. The D-manno and h-gulo isomers (21 and 22) are... 

A structural study on lipid A and the O-specific polysaccharide of the lipopoly-saccharide from a clinical isolate of Bacteroides vulgatus from a patient with Crohn s disease was conducted by Hashimoto and coworkers [39]. They separated two potent virulence factors, capsular polysaccharide (CPS) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS), from a clinical isolate of B. vulgatus and characterized the structure of CPS. Next, they elucidated the strucmres of O-antigen polysaccharide (OPS) and lipid A in the LPS. LPS was subjected to weak acid hydrolysis to produce the lipid A fraction and polysaccharide fraction. Lipid A was isolated by PLC, and its structure was determined by MS and NMR. 

Bundle, D.R. Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Related to Bacterial O-Antigens. 154, 1-37 (1990). 

Steinbacher, S., Baxa, U., Miller, S., Weintraub, A., Seckler, R., and Huber, R. (1996). Crystal structure of phage P22 tailspike protein complexed with Salmonella sp. O-antigen receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 10584-10588. 

Figure 7.15. Schematic of a N1R optical sandwich-type bioprobe. D, NIR, dye antibody o, antigen.

Barak, J. D., Jahn, C. E., Gibson, D. L., and Charkowski, A. O. (2007). The role of cellulose and O-antigen capsule in the colonization of plants by Salmonella enterica. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 20,1083-1091. 

Bundle DR (1990) Synthesis of Oligosaccharides Related to Bacterial O-Antigens. 154 1-37 Buot FA (1996) Generalized Functional Theory of Interacting Coupled Liouvillean Quantum Fields of Condensed Matter. 181 173-210 Burke K, see Ernzerhof M (1996) 180 1-30 Burrell AK, see Sessler JL (1991) 161 177-274... 

Three of the five naturally occurring 3,6-dideoxyhexoses responsible for the O-antigen specificity of Gram-negative bacteria were... 

It contains the attenuated strain Ty21a of Salmonella typhi. The attenuation is due to the absence of enzyme uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase which is essential for the production of the lipopolysaccharide O antigen. The absence of this enzyme makes Ty21a highly immunogenic. 

---