Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens

Deoxy-L-galactose (L-fucose) is common, and has only been found as the a- or )3-pyranoside. The rare D-fucose has, however, been found both as a-pyranoside, in the LPS frorn Pseudomonas cepacia serotypes B and E, and as a-furanoside, in the cell-wall antigen from Eubacterium saburreum L 452 and the O-antigens from different strains of Psuedomonas syrin-gae The a-furanoside, as in 3, has a cis relationship between the aglycon and OH-2. The corresponding P form has not yet been found. 6-Deoxy-o-and -L-talose are components of the extracellular polysaccharides from some strains of Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens and of the LPS from some strains of E. coli respectively. 

The first step in the biohydrogenation of linoleic acid to stearic acid by the mmen microorganism, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens, is the formation of the cis-9, trans-11 CLA isomer (Figure 1). This reaction is catalyzed by a membrane-bound enzyme, linoleate isomerase, which acts only on fatty acids possessing cis double bonds in positions and and a free carboxyl group (72). 

Kepler, C.R. and Tove, S.B. 1967. Biohydrogenation of unsaturated fatty acids. III. Purification and properties of a linoleate A 12-cis, An-/ra -isomerase from Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. J. Biol. Chem. 242, 5686-5692. 

Kim, Y.J., Liu, R.H., Bond, D.R., and Russell, J.B. 2000. Effect of linoleic acid concentration on conjugated linoleic acid production by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens A38. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 66, 5226-5230. 

Occurrence. L-Altrose (20) was found for the first time in Nature in the extracellular capsular polysaccharide from Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain CF3.77... 

R. J. Stack, Identification of L-altrose in the extracellular polysaccharide from Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens strain CF3, FEMSMicrobiol. Lett., 48 (1987) 83-87. 

Toxicity of unsaturated fatty acids to the biohydrogenating ruminal bacterium, Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens. BMC Microbiol, 10, 52. 

The other pathway of the isomerisation of linoleic acid is provided by the action of cis-9,trans-V) isomerase in the rumen (Griinari Bauman, 2006). The resulting trans-l9,cis-l2 CLA can be reduced to trans- 0 18 1 by Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens JWll (McKain, Shingfleld, Wallace, 2010). 

Preparation from Linoleic Acid. (9Z,ll )-Octadecadienoic acid labeled with deuterium was obtained by incubating linoleic acid with Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens... 

Preparation from [i- C] Linoleic Acid. (9Z,llf )-[l-i" C]-Octadecadienoic acid was prepared by incubating [l-i" C]-linoleic acid with an enzyme, Unoleate isomerase, obtained from the rumen bacterium Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (11). This isomerization was carried out with a mixture of 0.2 mL of the enzyme preparation, [l-i" C]-linoleic acid (0.2 pCi 0.12 mg) and 4 mg of bovine serum albumin in 1 mL of 0.1 moI/L potassium phosphate buffer (pH 7). After separation of fatty acids from the reaction mixture and formation of methyl esters with diazomethane, methyl (9Z,ll )-[l-i C]-octadecadienoate was purified by preparative silver nitrate thin-layer chromatography. 

Cis-9, trans-ll CLA is produced directly as the first intermediate in the pathway of biohydrogenation of linoleic by the action of linoleic add isomerase, an enzyme of the anaerobic rumen bacteria Butyrivibrio fibrisolvens (15). This enzyme has an absolute substrate requiranent for a cis-9, cis-12 diene structure and a free carboxyl group, and exhibits maximum activity with the substrates linoleic and linolenic acids (16). Ruminants cannot produce PUFA and the amount of... 

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