O-Antigen of Salmonella

The structures of the O-antigens of Salmonella serogroups A, B, D, and E were amongst the first to be studied structurally [11] and biosynthetically [12, 13]. These serogroups also comprise by far the largest clinically important group of Salmonella responsible for gastrointestinal infections [2]. 

Johnson, A.G., Gains, S., Landy, M. Studies on the O antigen of Salmonella ryphosa V. Enhancement of antibody response to protein antigens by purified lipopolysaccharide. J Exp Med 103 (1956) 225-246. 

Figure 16.22 Biosynthesis of the repeating oligosaccharide unit of the O antigen of Salmonella typhimurium. 

Isol. from the partial acid hydrolysate of type Vni Pneumococcus specific polysaccharide. Constit. of the repeating unit of the O-antigen of Salmonella muenster Ei and of the 0-antigen of E. coli serotype 0111. 

Reducing disaccharide. Constit. of the repeating unit of the O-antigens of Salmonella serogroups A, B and D (the most harmful to man). Cryst. (MeOH/ 2-propanol). 

A study of the conformation of Salmonella O-antigens of serogroups A, B, and Dx by HSEA calculations and NMR has been described [198,199]. As can be seen from... 

L. Kenne, B. Lindberg, E. Soderholm, D. R. Bundle, and D. W. Griffith, Structural studies of the O-antigens from Salmonella greenside and Salmonella adelaide, Carbohydr. Res., Ill (1983) 289-296. 

LuderitzO, Staub AM, Westphal 0.1966. Immunochemistry of O and R antigens of Salmonella and related Enterobacteri-aceae. Bacteriol. Rev. 30 192-255... 

Steinbacher, S., Baxa, U., Miller, S., Weintraub, A., Seckler, R., and Huber, R. (1996). Crystal structure of phage P22 tailspike protein complexed with Salmonella sp. O-antigen receptors. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 93, 10584-10588. 

Barak, J. D., Jahn, C. E., Gibson, D. L., and Charkowski, A. O. (2007). The role of cellulose and O-antigen capsule in the colonization of plants by Salmonella enterica. Mol. Plant-Microbe Interact. 20,1083-1091. 

It contains the attenuated strain Ty21a of Salmonella typhi. The attenuation is due to the absence of enzyme uridine diphosphate galactose-4-epimerase which is essential for the production of the lipopolysaccharide O antigen. The absence of this enzyme makes Ty21a highly immunogenic. 

Figure 1 represents the general structure of Salmonella lipopolysaccharides. They contain an external polysaccharide, the O-antigenic chain, and an innermost component, termed lipid A. O-chain and lipid A are linked to each other by an oligosaccharide referred to as the core. O-Specific Chains. As indicated in Figure 1, O chains are in general made up of repeating units of di-, tri-, or higher oligosaccharides. In rare cases the O-chain is a homopolysaccharide. The structure of the O-chain is unique to each bacterial serotype great diversity is encountered in the structures of O-chains.

G., Garegg, P.J., Svensson, S., and Wallin, N.-H. (1979). Immuno-chemistry of Salmonella O-antigens. Specificity and cross-reactivity of factor 09 serum and of antibodies against tyvelose a-(l—3)-mannose coupled to bovine serum albumin. Int. Archs Allergy appl. Immun. 58, 11-19... 

L.V. (1981). Synthesis of the O-antigenic polysaccharide of Salmonella newington and of its analogue differing in configuration at the only glycosidic centre. Tetrahedron 37 Suppl. 1 19-156 Lehmann, V. (1977). Isolation, purification, and properties of an... 

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