Nutrition, general principles

Recent experiments from our laboratory93 show that the same general principle holds with respect to sugar consumption. Rats on nutritionally deficient diets, when given a choice, consume more sugar than those which have their nutritional needs better satisfied. 

Over the past several years we have applied stable isotopic tracers to a vetriety of metabolic and nutritional problems in human subjects. This chapter will focus on examples of our studies of glucose metabolism. The general principle and vaUdatLon of the tracer techniques we have used will be presented first, followed by a review of some of our work examining the response to infused glucose. In these studies we used stable isotopes because of the... 

Adequate supplies of vitamins and trace elements are extremely critical in maintaining the health and development of humans. These nutrients occupy the attention of those concerned with the physical well being of a public made increasingly aware of the need for the quality and the quantity of their dietary intake. The general principle regarding assessment of nutritional status is to determine the extent to which the metabohc demand for nutrients has been or is currently being met by the supply. In clinical practice, this requires balancing supply and demand. 

General principles governing the use of food additives (First report of the Joint FAO/ WHO Expert Committee on Food Additives). FAO Nutrition Meetings Report Series, No. 15, 1957 WHO Technical Report Series, No. 129, 1957 (out of print). 

Chapter 10 General principles of nutrition Protein deficiency... 

My presentation will deal with the measurement of nutritional damage and I will emphasise protein damage, although some of the general principles discussed are valid for most nutrients. 

A basic idea which arises out of the material presented in this volume is a very simple one Understanding and appreciating what heredity distinctively does for an individual may make it possible to cope environmentally with his difficulties. Without the appreciation of what heredity does, it is impossible to make intelligent use of the available environmental influences. Narrowing down the discussion specifically to the genetotrophic principle Unless we know about the distinctive nutritional needs imposed by one s heredity, we are in no position to meet these needs. We cannot know about these needs without studying individual differences in needs. We must be aware of the general facts of biochemical individuality, and in specific cases we must know the needs of the individuals whom we would help. 

These chapters contain specific information about the principles of assays defined in the text and contain what may well be the most comprehensive guide to the science of measurement in the scientific literature. Both the NF and the Nutritional Supplements have their own general chapters. Guidelines to Good Manufacturing practices are supplied, with guidance to small-scale pharmaceutical operations such as those encountered in a typical dispensing pharmacy. 

Although the above discussed preventive measures can help to reduce the occurrence of mycotoxins in the human food chain, exclusion of toxinogenic microflora is technically impossible and in many cases it is necessary to detoxify and decontaminate large amounts of crop or feed in order to protect the health of consumers or Hvestock, and to prevent economic losses. In practice, detoxification or decontamination procedures include degradation of mycotoxins to inactive products, prevention of new toxic products formation and maintaining the nutritional value of the material. Generally, there are three possible solutions based on physical, chemical or biological principles. 

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