Nucleoside 3 ,5 -phosphates structures

Tu, A. J., Heller, M. J. Structure and Stability of Metal-Nucleoside Phosphate Complexes, in Metal Ions in Biological Systems Vol. 1 (ed. Sigel, H.), p. 1, Marcel Dekker, Inc. New York 1974... 

RGURE 8-39 Nucleoside phosphates General structure of the nucleoside 5 -mono-, di-, and triphosphates (NMPs, NDRs, and NTRs) and their standard abbreviations In the deoxyribonucleoside phosphates (dNMPs, dNDPs, and dNTPs), the pentose is2 -deoxy-D-ribose. 

In particular, the genetic tape consists of phosphate diesters. The tape that has evolved is built of units — the nucleoside phosphates — that can be assembled and then disassembled, and reused. This seems an efficient plan the nucleosides are complex structures that require considerable metabolic energy to build. If one is to use nucleosides at all, they ought not be wasted. This argument assumes that the genetic tape will be constructed of nucleosides. The argument, and the... 

Proceedings of the 2nd Swedish-German Workshop on Modern Aspects of Chemistry and Biochemistry of Nucleic Acids and their Components, West Germany 1988, have been published they contain several papers on the preparation of nucleoside phosphates and modified phosphates by tervalent phosphorus acid chemistry. A review on the halogenation of tervalent phosphorus acid derivatives and studies of the structure of the products (dihalo-phosphoranes or halophosphonium halides) by n.m.r. has appeared. ... 

Silnikov described a synthetic route to prepare over fourty 5 -triphosphate dinucleotides with modified carbohydrate-phosphate backbones with the general structure shown [65]. This route employed a combination of solution phase synthesis of the nucleoside dimers followed by the introduction of the triphosphate moiety. The dimers were synthesised from the partially protected nucleoside and 3 -0-/)-chlorophenyl-nucleoside phosphate diester in the presence of 2,4,6-triisopropylbenzenesulfonyl chloride and A -Me-imidazole in pyridine. The pyrophosphate was introduced in a stepwise manner by initial deprotection of the primary alcohol followed by reaction with phosphorus oxychloride in pyridine with subsequent addition of the tetrabutylammonium salt of inorganic pyrophosphate in acetonitrile. 

The structure of deoxyadenosine 5 -a-thiotriphosphate has been determined by 5lp n.m.r. 90 a paper on mass-spectrometric differentiation between regiomeric nucleoside phosphates is covered in Chapter 22. 

U- C is the direct precursor. Cordycepin-U- H is not a direct precursor for 3 -amino-3 -deoxyadenosine. Therefore, adenosine or its 5 -phosphate is the precursor for 3 -deoxyadenosine and 3 -amino-3 -deoxyadenosine. Since these two nucleosides are structurally related, it may be that adenosine is converted to a compound that is a common precursor. 

In terms of their molecular structures, the nucleotide and protein realms are usually considered to be rather independent of each other. However, these two families of molecules are covalently linked in the translational aminoacyl- RNAs and ribonucleoproteins as well as in the nucleoproteins involved in cellular and viral replication. In these hybrid biomolecules, a (deoxy)ribose phosphate moiety serves as the structural connection between the nucleoside and peptide moieties. 

The position was somewhat clarified by the isolation of 2- and 3-O-phos-phonucleosides from ribonucleic acid hydrolyzates in 92 to 100% yields,134 and also by the demonstration that 5-O-phosphonucleosides are also present in enzymic digests.49, 197 Yet this information gave no indication of the nature of the alkali-labile linkages. Thus, while the majority of the experimental evidence pointed to the phosphoryl residues as being doubly esterified with adjacent nucleosides, two facts remained apparently inexplicable on the basis of this type of structure. First, ready fission by alkalis, and secondly, the absence of 5-phosphates from alkaline hydrolyzates and their presence in enzymic digests. Both these facts have been explained by Brown and Todd in the following way.92... 

Most of this section will be devoted to summarizing information relating to the stability constants reported for complexes of this group of Ca2+-binding ligands. However, we shall precede this main part with a short mention of a few relevant structures. Other properties of calcium phosphates and phosphonates will be mentioned in Sections VIII.B.4 and VIII.D below. An overall view of complexes of nucleosides, nucleotides, and nucleic acids is available (670). 

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