Nucleic acid sequencing Sanger

Sanger was a corecipient of a second Nobel Prize in 1980 for devising methods for sequencing nucleic acids Sanger s strategy for nucleic acid sequencing will be described in Section 28 14... 

The enormous advances in nucleic acid sequencing (Maxam and Gilbert, 1977 Sanger et al., 1977, and earlier papers) and their relative simplicity and ease as compared with amino acid sequencing not only should provide confirmation of amino acid sequences of V-regions but may ultimately provide additional sequences of known antibodies, especially when carried out on antibodies of known specificity from hybridomas. 

In 1950, when the study of ribosomes began, no methods for determining the sequences of amino acids in proteins or of nucleotides in nucleic acids existed. Sanger published the sequences of the two short chains of insulin in 1953, and the first transfer RNA sequence was published by Holley in 1965. Never-... 

Fig. 4. Nucleic acid sequencing. Scheme showing the chain termination method of Sanger applied to the determination of the nucleotide sequence of a hypothetical length of DNA. a = the number shown in the column below is the number of nucleotides in the DNA chain that is complementary to the original DNA it takes no account of the constant number of nucleotides in the primer, P, attached at the 5 -end. b = nucleotide. Comp = complementary.

The analysis of chemically synthesized oligonucleotides and nucleic acid fragments by mass spectrometry has seen major advances. Again, new ionization techniques and improved equipment have opened possibilities for precise mass measurements of these polyanionic macromolecules that allow confirming their primary structure after nucleic acid sequencing by the Sanger method or analysis... 

Frederick Sanger s contributions in the sequencing of protein in 1953 and nucleic acid in 1977 were responsible for further developments in the field of protein and nucleic acid research. 

In the 1970s he developed a widely used technique of using gel electrophoresis to read nucleotide sequences of DNA segments. The same method was developed independently by Frederick Sanger, and they both won the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1980 for their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids. ... 

Walter Gilbert, Frederick Sanger For their contributions concerning the determination of base sequences in nucleic acids. ... 

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