NSAIDs Zidovudine

Drugs that may be affected by probenecid include acyclovir allopurinol barbiturates benzodiazepines clofibrate dapsone dyphylline methotrexate NSAIDs pantothenic acid penicillamine rifampin sulfonamides sulfonylureas zidovudine salicylates. 

WARNING Renal impair is the major tox foUow administration instructions Uses CMV retinitis w/ HIV Action Selective inhibition of viral DNA synth Dose Rx 5 mg/kg IV over 1 h once/wk for 2 wk w/ probenecid Maint 5 mg/kg IV once/2 wk w/ probenecid (2 g PO 3 h prior to cidofovir, then 1 g PO at 2 h 8 h after cidofovir) X in renal impair Caution [C, -] Contra Probenecid or sulfa allergy Disp Inj SE Renal tox, chills, fever, HA, NA /D, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia Interactions t Nephrotox W/ aminoglycosides, amphot icin B, foscar-net, IV pentamidine, NSAIDs, vancomycin t effects W/zidovudine EMS Monitor ECG for hypocalcemia (t QT int val) and hypokalemia (flattened T waves) OD May cause renal failure hydration may be effective in reducing drug levels/effects Cilostazol (Pletal) TAntiplatelet, Arterial Vasodilator/ Phosphodiesterase Inhibitor] Uses Reduce Sxs of intermittent claudication Action Phosphodiesterase in inhibitor t s cAMP in pits blood vessels, vasodilation inhibit pit aggregation Dose 100 mg PO bid, 1/2 h before or 2 h after breakfast dinner Caution [C, +/-] Contra CHE, hemostatic disorders. 

Ganciclovir interacts with a number of medications, some of which are used to treat HIV or transplant patients. Ganciclovir may cause severe neutropenia when used in combination with zidovudine. Ganciclovir increases serum levels of didanosine, whereas probenecid decreases ganciclovir elimination. Nephrotoxicity may result if other nephrotoxic agents (e.g., amphotericin B, cyclosporine, NSAIDs) are administered in conjunction with ganciclovir. 

NSAIDs NUCLEOSIDE REVERSE TRANSCRIPTASE INHIBITORS Risk of haematological effects of zidovudine with NSAIDs Unknown Avoid co-administration... 

P-Lactam antibiotics Cephalosporins Cidofovir Furosemide Ganciclovir Methotrexate NSAIDs Probenecid Tetracycline Zidovudine KW-3902 ... 

Antivirals ritonavir may raise plasma concentration of piroxicam NSAIDs may increase haematological toxicity from zidovudine. 

On the other hand, probenecid increases the plasma level of acyclovir, allopurinol, barbiturate, benzodiazepines, clof-ibrate, dapsone, dyphylline, methotrexate, NSAIDs, penicillamine, sulfonylureas, and zidovudine. 

Probenecid but not cidofovir alters zidovudine pharmacokinetics such that zidovudine doses should be reduced when probenecid is present, as should the doses of drugs similarly affected by probenecid fe.g., /i-lactam antibiotics, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs [NSAIDs], acyclovir, lorazepam, furosemide, methotrexate, theophylline, and rifampin). Concurrent nephrotoxic agents are contraindicated, and an interval of 1 week before beginning cidofovir treatment is recommended after prior exposure to aminoglycosides, intravenous pentamidine, amphotericin foscamet, NSAIDs, or contrast dye. Cidofovir and oral ganciclovir in combination are poorly tolerated at full doses. 

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