Nozzle-based

Because of the minimal internals for solids to grow on, both types of contactors are common in foiihng services. The spray nozzle based devices are also inherently low pressure drop. 

Approximate the vapor-liquid inlet nozzle based on the following criteria ... 

Calculate minimum vessel cross section Set diameter based on 6-in. increments Approximate the vapor-liquid inlet nozzle based on the following criteria ... 

E. Stemme, G. Stemme, A valveless diffuser/nozzle-based fluid pump, Sensor Actuator A — Phys. 39 (1993) 159. 

Summary of the nozzle-based model for gas flow through the control valve... 

Worked example using the nozzle-based calculational model... 

Appendix 4 gives a detailed comparison of the FUGSE with the nozzle-based model of gas flow through the... 

We may generate a comparison between the modified liquid-flow model and the nozzle-based model by taking out the factor, C VPiAi from both equation (9.59) and equation (9.34). The modified liquid-flow function, fun, emerges as ... 

The graph shows that the modified liquid-flow model can give results that are reasonably close to those of the nozzle-based model, although the approach to choked flow is predicted to happen at higher valve pressure... 

Appendix 4 Comparison of Fisher Universal Gas Sizing Equation, FUGSE, with the nozzle-based model for control valve gas flow... 

A4.3) reducing to the choked gas equation (9.2). But while the FUGSE will be valid at either end of the range of pressure ratios, the fact that the sine function joins the extremes in a conveniently smooth manner does not guarantee that the formula will be accurate at intermediate values. This appendix examines how closely the FUGSE matches direct data and the nozzle-based method for calculating control valve gas flow. 

Calculations for all four convergent-divet gent nozzles based on the engineering drawings contained in Keenan s paper allowed Table A6.2 to be drawn up. 

During the 1920s, a pneumatic amplification mechanism, the flapper-nozzle amplifier, that greatly increased the sensitivity of the pneumatic system, was developed. The principle of the flapper-nozzle based controller is shown in figure 7, and figure 8 shows a Foxboro controller circa 1922. 

Multi-jet Coherent-Jet Nozzles Multi-jet coherent-jet nozzles, based on the Rouse geometry, can be machined into the endplate of a chamber in the same shape as the profile of the grinding wheel or as replaceable tips that can be unscrewed when there is a risk of clogging. A flow conditioner is often used to control the turbulence inside the chamber before it enters the jets G ig. 2). 

For example, stereolithography can be used. It is a liquid-based technique that utilizes LBL curing of a photosensitive hydrogel precursor solution by means of a laser. Alternatively, nozzle-based systems are applied. They process the material chemically as it passes through the nozzle (ink-jet printing, 3D printing cf. Section 3.10). Cells and biomolecules can be simultaneously printed with the scaffold material [79]. 

F. 3.10 Schematics of SFF systems categorized by the processing technique, a and b are Laser-based. Laser photopolyermerizes a liquid in (a) and the SLS systems, which sinters a powdered material in (b). In both, the platform is lowered for each layer, c and d are printing-based. In (c), a chemical binder is printed onto a powder bed, and in (d) two types of wax material in sequence, e and f are Nozzle-based. Molten polymer from a heated filament is deposted in (e) and the Bioplotter prints material that is processed either thermally or chemically in the nozzle in (f). Reproduced with permission from Ref. [22] Nature Publishing Group... 

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