Novel criteria

Diastereomeric 5-tert-butyl-4-methyl-2-phenoxy-2-oxo-1,3,2-dioxophos-phorinanes were synthesized and studied by NMR and computational methods, assuming a novel criteria in which the conformations and configurations depend upon the conformation and configuration of the corresponding diol... 

Table V. Novel Criteria for Green Solvents . Toxicity concerns...

Novel criteria that help to plan organic syntheses have been defined for the similarity of structures. Likewise, criteria that can be used to search reaction databases have been conceived for the similarity of reactions. 

A NOVEL CRITERION OF THE MARGINAL COMPLEXITY INSURING SELFORGANIZATION IN THE COURSE OF CHEMICAL REACTIONS... 

A novel criterion of the marginal complexity insuring self-organization 469... 

Among the newer reactions we have chosen those that are not only synthetically useful but at first glance not immediately obvious transformations. Another criterion was the stereochemical implications of the process. Yet, we admit our own bias in choosing from the plethora of novel transformations that have appeared in the literature over the past 30 years or so. Space limitation was by necessity a criterion. Nevertheless we have included approximately 450 name reactions and 2100 references. We sincerely apologize if we have inadvertedly omitted important reactions. 

The final library was designed with the purpose of adding incremental diversity to the first three fragment libraries. The main filtering criterion was novel pharmacophoric triangles not found in the first three libraries. After clustering and visual inspection from a panel of medicinal chemists, only 65 compounds were purchased and 61 compounds passed QC. 

In a recent example, Mironov used the rational replacement of starting materials for oligomerization reactions to discover new MCRs in a systematic way [31]. A reaction library of six alkenes/alkynes, two isonitriles, two nitriles and isoquinoline was set up, giving (n1 — n)/2 different reactions products. A minimum peak height of 30% of the total reaction product was used as a criterion for identifying an efficient MCR. In this way, a novel MCR that yields pyrrolo[2,l-a]isoquinolin-1-ones from electron-deficient olefins, isonitriles and isoquinoline was found (Scheme 10.6). 

In Sections 2 to 4, we review the technology of synthetic oligonucleotide microarrays and describe some of the popular statistical methods that are used to discover genes with differential expression in simple comparative experiments. A novel Bayesian procedure is introduced in Section 5 to analyze differential expression that addresses some of the limitations of current procedures. We proceed, in Section 6, by discussing the issue of sample size and describe two approaches to sample size determination in screening experiments with microarrays. The first approach is based on the concept of reproducibility, and the second approach uses a Bayesian decision-theoretic criterion to trade off information gain and experimental costs. We conclude, in Section 7, with a discussion of some of the open problems in the design and analysis of microarray experiments that need further research. 

The ultimate stability criterion developed here is novel, broadly-applicable, and simpler to use than anything in the prior art. 

In the present work, a novel experimental method was proposed to evaluate the modes I-fll fracture toughness of the adhesive interface between concrete and carbon fiber sheets. The validity of the evaluation formula was studied on the basis of the results of finite element analysis. The mixed mode fracture toughness and fracture criterion of the adhesive interface were also studied on the basis of the results of fracture toughness test using the proposed method. 

The replacement of chlorofluorocarbon (CFC) propellants with the non-ozone-depleting hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) merit mention for two reasons. First, it illustrates how environmental impact can be an important selection criterion at a time when green issues are high profile. Second, HFCs were developed and evaluated for safety and delivery capability by a consortium of pharmaceutical companies, with costs shared and evaluation programs defined by prior agreement between end-users and propellant manufacturers. Such collaboration could be employed usefully in the future to develop novel excipients for delivery or targeting. The benefits would undoubtedly accrue to all. 

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