Nonsteroidal flutamide

Antiandrogens such as cyproterone acetate (5.54) or the nonsteroidal flutamide (5.55, a substituted anilide) are competitive antagonists on the cytosol receptor. They do not prevent DHT formation rather, they inhibit the nuclear retention of DHT in the prostate. They cause feminization in male fetuses and decrease libido in males. Cyproterone is also an active progestogen. In men, antiandrogens are used commonly in the treatment of prostatic cancer and uncommonly to inhibit sex drive in hypersexuality in women, antiandrogens are used to treat virilization. Bicalutamide (5.56) and nilutamide (5.57) are potent, orally active antiandrogens that may be used in the treatment of metastatic prostate carcinoma. 

Flutamide -nonsteroidal antiandrogen -endocrine effects -hot flashes -decreased libido -gynecomastia -impotence -galactorrhea -diarrhea -nausea and vomiting -myalgias -elevated liver function tests... 

Flutamide Flutamide, 4 -nitro-3 -trifluoromethylisobutyranilide (29.2.15), a nonsteroid antagonist of androgens, is made by acylating 4-nitro-3-trifluoromethylaniline with isobu-tyric acid chloride [13-15]. 

In addition to hormonal dmgs, five other nonsteroids that have a direct relationship to this section are also nsed in cancer chemotherapy. They are aminoglutethimide, flutamide, mitotan, tamoxifen, and leuprolide. 

Bicalutamide, flutamide and nilutamide are nonsteroidal antiandrogens that are used for the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. They act as competitive antagonists at the androgen receptor. Hutamide also inhibits the formation of dihydrotestosterone from testosterone. 

Flutamide [FLEW tah mide] is a synthetic nonsteroidal antiandrogen used in the treatment of prostate cancer. It is metabolized to an active hydroxy derivative that binds to the androgen receptor. 

Flutamide (EULEXIN, EUFLEX) Nonsteroidal LH increased T increased Monotherapy Combination therapy Potency spared Breast tenderness, nausea and vomiting, diarrhea, rectal bleeding, hot flashes, cystitis, increased appetite, sleep disturbances, hepatotoxicity, anemias, hemolysis, headache, dizziness, malaise, blurred vision, anxiety, depression, decreased libido, hypertension, complications in patients with cardiovascular disease... 

Bicalutamide (CASODEX) Nonsteroidal LH increased T increased Combination therapy Potency spared Less diarrhea than with flutamide Libido unaffected In combination therapy with a LH-RH analog hot flushes, diarrhea, general pain, constipation, asthenia, hypertension In monotherapy dizziness, confusion, nausea, vomiting, rash and hepatitis... 

Flutamide and bicalutamide are nonsteroidal antiandrogens available for use in conjunction with the gonadorelins (e.g. goserelin) in the treatment of prostatic carcinoma. Finasteride (p. 544), which inhibits conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, has localised antiandrogen activity in tissues where dihydrotestosterone is the principal androgen this makes it a useful drug in the treatment of benign prostatic hypertrophy. 

Flutamide, a nonsteroidal antiandrogen (250 mg p.o. q. 8 hours), is indicated in the treatment of metastatic prostatic carcinoma in combination with LHRH analogs, such as leuprolide acetate (see also Table 13). 

Furthermore, urea-type pesticides propanil, linuron, and diuron, which arc the main herbicides used throughout the world, have the ability to bind to AR (Cook et ai, 1993 Bauer et al., 1998). Indeed, linuron is strueturally related to the nonsteroidal antiandrogen flutamidc, and its IC50 for competition at the AR is approximately 3.5 limes that of flutamide. The activity of its metabolite, 3,4-dichloroanilinc, is higher than that of linuron. 

Liao S, Howell DK, Chang TN. Action of a nonsteroidal antiandrogen, flutamide, on the receptor binding and nuclear retention of 5a-dihydrotestosterone in rat ventral prostate. Endocrinology 1974 94 1205-1209. 

Katchen B, Buxbaum S. Disposition of a new, nonsteroid, antiandrogen, alpha,alpha,al-pha-trifluoro-2-methyl-4 -nitro-m-propionotoluidide (Flutamide), in men following a single oral 200 mg dose. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology Metabolism 1975 41 373-379. 

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