Nongenotoxic effects

Upham, B. L., Masten, S. J., Lockwood, B. R., and Trosko, J. E. (1994). Nongenotoxic effects of poly-cychc aromatic hydrocarbons and their oxygenation by-products on the intercellular communication of rat hver epithelial cells. Fundam Appl Toxicol 23(3), 470-475. 

Y. Chang, K. Tai, F. Huang, M. Huang, Cytotoxic and nongenotoxic effects of phenolic... 

On the basis of these differences in species response it was concluded that phthalates do not pose a significant health hazard to humans. This view is home out by the EU Commission decision of July 25, 1990 which states that DEHP shall not be classified or labeled as a carcinogenic or an irritant substance (42). This has been reaffirmed in a comprehensive review (43) which concludes that "peroxisome proliferators constitute a discrete class of nongenotoxic rodent hepatocarcinogens and that the relevance of thek hepatocarcinogenic effects for human hazard assessment is considered to be negligible."... 

Metofluthrin (I) The committee determined that the new data were sufficient to support a mitogenic mode of action for the development of liver tumors in rats exposed to metofluthrin in the carcinogenicity study. The report summarized mode of action study data that characterized effects such as increased P450 enzyme levels, increased smooth endoplasmic reticulum, hepatocellular hypertrophy, hepatocellular proliferation, and inhibition of intracellular communication, which were described as steps leading to tumor development via a nongenotoxic mechanism (i.e., mitogenicity). Some of these studies used sodium phenobarbital as a positive control,... 

A 2-year feeding study with mice and rats yielded no evidence of carcinogenic effects. Recent extensive reviews have concluded that bisphenol A is nongenotoxic in vivo ... 

Williams GM, Tong C, Telang S. 1984. Polybrominated biphenyls are nongenotoxic and produce an epigenetic membrane effect in cultured liver cells. Environ Res 34 310-320. 

Calomel can generate reactive oxygen species and deplete glutathione levels. Both genotoxic and nongenotoxic mechanisms may contribute to renal carcinogenic effect of mercury. 

Nitrobenzene was nongenotoxic in Salmonella ty-phimurium and mammalian cells in vitro and in mammalian cells in vivo. Studies reported included DNA damage and repair assays, gene mutation assays, chromosomal effects assays, and cell transformation assays. 

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