Non-steroidal antiinflammatory

Synthetic ligands Thiazolidinediones and some non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs... 

Gastric mucosal injury induced by non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs such as aspirin and indomethacin has also been extensively studied, again with somewhat conflicting results. Several studies have shown a protective effect of SOD, catalase, hydroxyurea and desferrioxamine (Takeuchi et al., 1991a Vaananen et al., 1991 Naito et al., 1992). Del Soldato etal. (1985) also found aminopy-rine, thiourea and its derivative, MK 447, and SAZ to be protective. Allopurinol has been shown to be both protective (Takeuchi etal., 1991a) and ineffective (Vaananen etal., 1991). 

NPY Neuropeptide Y NRS Normal rabbit serum NSAID Non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug NSE Nerve-specific enolase NT Neurotensin N terminus Amino terminus of peptide... 

COX-2, cyclooxygenase-2 HF, heart failure NSAID, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug. 

Tannenbaum H, Bomardier C, David P, et al. An evidence-based approach to prescribing non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs Third Canadian Consensus Conference. J Rheumatol 2006 33 140-157. 

FIGURE 30-2. Pain algorithm. AED, antiepileptic drug APAP, acetaminophen NSAID, non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug SNRI, serotonin-norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor SSRI, selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor TCA, tricyclic antidepressant. 

IgE-mediated urticarial/angioedema reactions and anaphylaxis are associated with aspirin and non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Urticaria is the most common form of IgE-mediated reaction. This class is second only to P-lactams in causing anaphylaxis. 

Anthranilic acid derivatives, such as flufenamic acid (35), constitute another effective series of non-steroidal antiinflammatory agents. Homologation... 

Anti-inflammatory Drugs that reduce inflammation, including the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) aspirin, ibuprofen and indomethacin and the glucocorticoids (e.g., dexamethasone and cortisol). 

One industrial application has been reported in detail by Giordano [26], Figure 13.23. It concerns the synthesis of Diflunisal, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug. Sales price is around 300 / kg and a few hundred tons are made worldwide per annum. 

Non steroidal antiinflammatory drugs were among the first classes of chiral compounds investigated in the early stages of the application of macrocyclic antibiotics as chiral selectors therefore, they were screened on vancomycin [7], teicoplanin [30], ristocetin A [33] CSPs under RPmode systems, and on avoparcin CSP under NP mode systems [37]. The enantioresolution of a variety of pro fens was later reported on commercially available vancomycin CSPs [128, 168], and recently on a ME-TAG CSP [58]. Ibuprofen enantiomers were also separated on a CDP-1-containing CSP [55]. Glycopeptide A-40,926 CSP was successfully employed in the analytical and semipreparative separation of 2-arylpropionic acids [63]. 

Oruvail is a proprietary preparation of ketoprofen and Feldene is a proprietary preparation of piroxicam, both of which are non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs Nootropil is a proprietary preparation of piracetam, which is not a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug. Nootropil is indicated as adjunctival treatment in cortical myoclonus. 

Mobic is the proprietary preparation of meloxicam, a non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug, which is also a selective inhibitor of cyclo-oxygenase-2. It is therefore less likely to cause gastrointestinal side-effects than other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. However, it is still best to administer meloxicam after food. 

Co-codamol is a combination of paracetamol (nonnapioid analgesic) and codeine (opioid analgesic). One of the side-effects of opioids is constipation. Naprosyn is a proprietary (trade name) preparation of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drug naproxen Adalat is a proprietary preparation of the calcium-channel blocker nifedipine Amoxil is a proprietary preparation of the beta-lactam amoxicillin and Dulco-lax is the brand name of the stimulant laxative bisacodyl. 

The first major new drug to be approved and withdrawn from the market by the CSD was ibufenac, the first of the non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAID) to be marketed. Ibufenac was a precursor of ibuprofen and its use in the United Kingdom was associated with serious and frequent hepatotoxicity. Two other drug withdrawals (also approved during their tenure by CSD) were chlormadinone and fenclozic acid. 

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