No-dig system

The soil in a bed is treated in the same way as the soil on an open plot. If the soil is dug, this is done working from wide wooden boards to avoid compaction. Beds are particularly appropriate where a "no-dig" system is used (see p.216). At the opposite extreme is the intensive deep bed—prepared by doubledigging to a depth of around 2 ft (60 cm). 

In many cases, the replacement of the deteriorated pipe with a new one is cost prohibitive and a time-consuming effort that cannot be easily accommodated. Fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) products offer solutions that can often be installed in a trenchless manner that requires little or no digging of the pipe. The high-tensile strength, lightweight, and noncorroding attributes of FRP make these materials a viable repair system for steel pipes. 

The enyne system 223 with an o-iodophenyl starter and a vinylsilyl group terminator underwent 5-exo-dig and 5-exo-trig cyclizations to yield 225. No further cyclization of 225 took place. Instead the jS-H elimination gave the vinylsilane 226 as the final product when PPh3 was used. No 6 7r-electrocyclization of 226 occurred. Also the reaction was terminated by elimination of the y3-TMS group to give the olefin 227, when BINAP, which suppresses jS-H elimination, was used [64]. 

If no precaution measures are taken, the maximum fine win be 450,000. This seems to be enough but because it is a random administrative measure that focuses on telecom and cable operators this will most likely not be very effective for digging activities in the vicinity of pipelines with dangerous substances. The statutory one-caU system gives on the other hand possibilities to put additional rules in place. 

Participants were told explicitly that they would, in all likelihood, experience a tendency to place individual blame, and that the facilitator would move any attempt to place blame from an individual to a system focus," says the administrator, "and participants were informed that the root cause analysis process would repeatedly dig deeper by asking Why until no additional logical answers could be identified."... 

Thus far, one gets the impression that al-Mas udI s stance towards Avicenna is rather benign. He does not go out of his way to dig up problems in Avicenna s philosophical system, or to construct objections to it, but supposedly stumbles upon some problems almost by accident. He feels burdened by the problems he has identified, and spares no effort to solve them. As we have already seen, the objection shakk) and solution (hall), which often come as a pair, are normally undertaken by two different individuals, one who raises the objections and another who responds to them and defends or develops the system criticised. Al-Mas udi does the former, and expresses his desire and hope to do the latter. And, as noted, a solution , properly speaking, should not deviate radically from the target system, but should be conducted as much as possible within its parameters. 

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