Nitric acid halogen compounds

Chromic acid, nitric acid, hydroxyl compounds, ethylene glycol, perchloric add, peroxides, permanganates Chlorine, bromine, copper, fluorine, silver, mercury Concentrated nitric and sulfuric acid mixtiu es Water, carbon tetrachloride or oflier chlorinated hydrocarbons, carbon dioxide, halogens... 

Aniline is converted into a sulphonic acid when heated with concentrated sulphuric acid, into halogen substitution-products by the halogens, and into nitro derivatives by nitric acid. These compounds will be considered in some detail later. 

Addition of alcoholic AgNOa can distinguish between these compounds. Benzoyl bromide will react with AgNOs to form AgBr, which is detected as a precipitate that is insoluble in dilute nitric acid. Halogens attached directly to the benzene ring do not react. Hence, no precipitate is seen with p-Bromobenzoic acid. 

Carius method The quantitative determination of S and halogens in covalent (organic) compounds by complete oxidation of the compound with cone, nitric acid and subsequent estimation of precipitated AgX or BaS04. 

Tellurium Tetrahydrofuran Tetranitroaniline Tetranitromethane Thiocyanates Thionyl chloride Thiophene Thymol Halogens, metals Tetrahydridoaluminates, KOH, NaOH Reducing materials Aluminum, cotton, aromatic nitro compounds, hydrocarbons, cotton, toluene Chlorates, nitric acid, peroxides Ammonia, dimethylsulfoxide, linseed oil, quinoline, sodium Nitric acid Acetanilide, antipyrine, camphor, chlorohydrate, menthol, quinine sulfate, ure- thene... 

Nitro and nitroso compounds Esters of nitric and nitrous acid Halogenated nitrogen compounds (X = halogen)... 

Halogenation of dibenzofuran produces the 2-halo compounds. Bromina-tion can be achieved in good yield with bromine in acetic acid " or with N-bromosuccinimide in boiling carbon tetrachloride. The 2,8-dibromo compound has been made, using dioxane dibromide. Chlorination of dibenzofuran in acetic acid in the presence of iron powder can be controlled to yield the 2-chloro or the 2,8-dichloro compounds. 2-Chlorodi-benzofuran is best prepared by reaction of dibenzofuran with phosphorus pentachloride. 2-Iododibenzofuran (45%) results from treatment of dibenzofuran with iodine in boiling chloroform in the presence of nitric acid. 2,8-Diododibenzofuran is best prepared by reaction of dibenzofuran with iodine and iodic acid in aqueous acetic acid. ... 

In halogenation, halogen atoms are substituted for hydrogen atoms. The process of nitration produces a number of nitro compounds, for example, nitroglycerin. Nitration involves the reaction between benzene and nitric acid in the presence of sulfuric acid. During the reaction, the nitronium ion, NO +, splits off from nitric acid and substitutes on to the benzene ring producing nitrobenzene ... 

This series of compounds is formed by the action of halogen or nitric acid on tetrammino-platinous salts, or by the addition of ammonia to tetracido-diammino-platinuni compounds. 

Among the oxidative procedures for preparing azo compounds are oxidation of aromatic amines with activated manganese dioxide oxidation of fluorinated aromatic amines with sodium hypochlorite oxidation of aromatic amines with peracids in the presence of cupric ions oxidation of hindered aliphatic amines with iodine pentafluoride oxidation of both aromatic and aliphatic hydrazine derivatives with a variety of reagents such as hydrogen peroxide, halogens or hypochlorites, mercuric oxide, A-bromosuccinimide, nitric acid, and oxides of nitrogen. 

Straight acetylene can be used as an explosive when in liquefied or solidified form (see Acetylene as an Explosive) (See also Acetylene Condensation or Polymerization Products, Acetylene Derivatives, Acetylene Hydroperoxides Peroxides, Acetylene-Nitric Acid Reactions, Acetylene Reactions, Acetylenic Compounds, Acetylides, Cuprene and Halogenated Acetylenes)... 

Nitrogen Pentasulphide, NaS5.—Nitrogen pentasulphide is formed by the decomposition of the yellow sulphide, N4S4, and its derivatives. It is formed, for example, when the yellow sulphide is exploded by friction, when the compounds of N4S4 with the halogens or with nitrous or nitric acid are boiled with water, and also when N4S4 is heated carefully with lead oxide.6... 

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