Nip point

Smooth surfaces are normally estabflshed by calendering, a process which subjects the fabric at the nip point(s) of two or more roUs to the influence of controlled time, temperature, and pressure. When calendering is used as a thermal-bonding process, the roUs are of the same dimension and composition and are independently driven. However, when calendering is used as a fabric finishing operation, the roUs are frequently of different dimensions and composition and are not always independently driven. 

Pyrheliometer is an instrument that measures only the direct radiation from the solar disk itself, without bouncing off clouds or the atmosphere. Concentrating solar collectors utilize only this part of the total solar radiation. Its measurement gives an indication of the clearness of the sky. The normal incident pyrheliometer (NIP) measures this form of radiation. A tracker, called the equatorial mount, is used to keep the NIP pointed at the sun. The difference between the NIP and the total pyranometer readings is referred to as the diffuse solar radiation. 

The majority of adhesive laminations in multilayer flexible packaging are manufactured using the dry-bond process. In this technique, a liquid adhesive is applied to one substrate. The adhesive is then dried using hot air. This dried surface can be adhered to a second substrate using heat and pressure at a nip point. The adhesive formulations themselves represent a reactive chemistry (typically urethanes or acrylics) that is chosen to withstand the processing and storage/distribution environment of the filled product. The adhesives polymerise and/or cross-link during production of the laminated product. 

Fishtail Guide - A guide used in calendaring polytetrafluoroethylene (fine powder) bead into tape. It allows safe feeding of the bead into the nip point of calendar rolls. It is called fish tail guide because of the similarity of its shape to the tail of a fish. 

Rolls crushers consist of two counter-rotating rolls, one of which is fixed and the other is spring-loaded. They draw feed material into a nip point , where it is crushed (Fig. 5.5). The rolls may be smooth, or profiled, which helps to draw the rock through the crusher and to reduce the slabbiness of the crushed product. Reduction ratios of only 4 1 are achievable, but the production of fines is low. The head-room requirement is lower than for impactors, but the capital cost is higher. 

There are five types of machine motion (see Figure 13-2) that create machine hazards rotation, reciprocating or transverse motion, in-running nip points or pinch points, cutting actions, and punching, shearing, and bending. 

October 9, 2014, Cincinnati, OH. The Occupational Safety and Health Administration issued a citation to Kloeckner Metals Corp. for failure to guard an in-running nip point on a machine with rollers that moved materials into the machine. On April 22, 2014, a worker got caught in the machine action and suffered severe injuries. The citation included a repeat violation because the company had received a similar citation the previous year. The citation included penalties of 56,000. ... 

Does the facility operate machinery that has any of the following characteristics including but not limited to point of operation area, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, exposed, or flying chips and sparks that create hazards to employees ... 

Belt sanding machines used for woodworking must be provided with guards at each nip point where the sanding belt runs onto a pulley, and the unused run of the sanding belt must be shielded to prevent accidental contact. 

Figure 27.21 Nip points on roller conveyor with belts...

Rolling produces a film with predominately MD orientation by accelerating the film from a nip point where the thickness is reduced. Large forces are found at the nip point, but overall orientation can be increased over other forms of MD orientation. Plastic strapping is oriented by this method (40). 

Vertical and inclined belts (paragraphs (e)(3) and (4) of this section) if not more than 2V2 inches (6.35 cm) wide and running at a speed of less than one thousand (1,000) feet per minute, and if free from metal lacings or fastening may be guarded with a nip-point belt and pully guard. 

For the Textile Industry, because of the presence of excessive deposits of lint, which constitute a serious fire hazard, the sides and face sections only of nip-point belt and pully guards are required, provided the guard shall extend at least 6 inches (15.24 cm) beyond the rim of the pulley on the in-running and off-running sides of the belt and at least 2 inches (5.08 cm) away from the rim and face of the pulley in all other directions. 

Cone-pulley belts. (I) The cone belt and pulley shall be equipped with a belt shifter so constructed as to adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley. If the frame of the belt shifter does not adequately guard the nip point of the belt and pulley, the nip point shall be further protected by means of a vertical guard placed in front of the pulley and extending at least to the top of the largest step of the cone. 

Nip Point The nearest point of intersection or near contact of two oppositely rotating circular surfaces or a rotating circular surface and a planar surface. 

Are splash guards mounted on machines that use coolant to prevent the coolant from reaching employees Are methods provided to protect the operator and other employees in the machine area from hazards created at the point of operation, ingoing nip points, rotating parts, flying chips, and sparks ... 

Are guards provided for nip points or contact points between hoist ropes and sheaves permanently... 

Reply No, if the guard removal exposes the employee(s) to hazardous energy associated with machine operation, such as moving gears, sprockets, V-belts or ingoing nip points. 

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